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The 13th Amendment
Formally abolished slavery in the United States, though it took some time to free every slave, and descrimination continued far after this acomplishment. -
14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States, this amendment is still highly debated today -
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Poll Taxes
Taxes emposed to prevent African Americans, and the lower class from voting. -
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Literacy test
LIteracy tests were imposed to prevent African Americans and the lower class from voting. -
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Jim Crow Laws
Racial segregation laws which required seperation of races. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
This case upheld the constitutionality of state laws requiring racial segregation in public facilities under the doctrine of seperate but equal. -
The 19th Amendment
The 19th amendment granted women the right to vote, also known as womens suffrage, This amendment is possibly the biggest accomplishment women have made in civil rights. -
Sweatt v. Painter
This case ruled that the seperation of law students at University of Texas was unconstitutional, because the university failed to provide seperate but equal accomidations. -
Brown v. BOA
This case ended segregation in public schools because it was found that the seperation was more harmful to students than helpful. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Sparked by the arrest of Rosa Parks on December 1st 1955, this was a 13 month mass protest that ended with the United States Suprime Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutuional. -
Affrimative Action
Enacted to ensure the equal employment and school enrollment of women and minorities. -
The 24th Amendment
This amendment was created to end poll taxes, it prohibits both congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of any type of tax. This was a huge step for African Americans in the civil rights movement. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
One of the biggest leaps in the civil rights movement, this act outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. -
Korematsu v. United States
This case ruled that the denial of entrance to Japanese citizens is constitutional due to the saftey of the state coming before individual rights. -
Voting RIghts Act of 1965
This act aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented african americans right to vote such as poll taxes, literacy test, and the grandfather clause. -
Robert Kennedy Speech In Indianapolis Upon Death Of MLK
immediatly after arriving in Indanapolis for a campaign rally in his bid to get the 1968 Democratic nomination for president, Kennedy was informed about the assasination of MLK and made a speech to the large group of black men and women informing them of the news. -
Reed v. Reed
Sally Reed challenged her seperated husband for her desceased son's estate becasuse of sex preferencial laws in Idaho, the ruling found that these laws were unconstutional. -
Refents of UOC v. Bakke
This case upheld that affirmative action is constitutional in the admissions process, but Bakke was admitted to the school due to unfair discrimination. -
Bowers v. Hardwick
This case found that states could indeed make laws prohibiting acts of sodomy, even consentual between partners. -
Americans With Disabilities Act
This act prohibits discrimination based on disability and also requires emloyers to provide reasonable accomidations to employees with disabilities and imposes accessibility requirements on public accomidations. -
Lawrence v. Texas
The Texas law criminalizing sexual acts between 2 persons of the same gender is ruled unconstitutional in this case -
Fisher v. Texas
This case ruled that schools can use race in the admissions process as long as it is a minor factor
