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13th Amendment
The 13th amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude unless it is the punishment for a crime. -
14th Amendment
The 14th amendment gives citizenship to any person born in the United States. It also states that a person cannot be a senator is they had perviously partaked in a rebellion. -
15th Amendment
Gave African American men the right to vote. Through the use of poll taxes, literacy test, and other means, states were able to make it harder for African Americans to vote. -
Literacy Tests
This was a test that was used to test how well some people could read and write. This test would at times determine whether you could vote or not. These tests in turn were used against african americans in order keep them from voting since they couldnt read and write due to the jim crow south. -
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Jim Crow Laws
Jim Crow Laws were in the south after the 15th amendment was passed,. They were created to prevent Blacks from voting or be productive members of society. It was the south's way to fight reconstruction. It enforced segregation -
Plessy v. Ferguson
Louisiana passed a law that separated train cars for blacks and whites. Black man sat in white car. He refused to move and was arrested for it. The Supreme Court ruled that carts could be separate, yet equal. -
Korematsu v. Untited States
United States Supreme Court case that ruled that the Government’s use of Japanese internment
camps during World War II was Constitutional, the Supreme Court applied the most stringent interpretation of the law to justify the use of Japanese internment camps as superior to individual -
Sweatt v. Painter
A landmark civil rights case that successfully challenged the “separate but equal” doctrine of racial segregation that was established by Plessy v. Ferguson. This case was important because the justices came to the decision that “separate but equal” was an oxymoron and did not provide true equality. -
Browns v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, (1954), was a decision that declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional. As result, it helped integration. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott, in which African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating, took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956, and is regarded as the first large-scale demonstration against segregation in the U.S.The U.S. Supreme Court ultimately ordered Montgomery to integrate its bus system. -
Affirmative Action
Affirmative Action began as a plan to equalize the educational, employment, and contracting opportunities for minorities and women with opportunities given to their white, male counterparts. -
24th Amendment
Prohibits the use of poll tax. Poll tax disenfranchised the African Americans and the poor whites. -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment. The law was passed during a period of great strength for the civil rights movement, and President Lyndon Johnson had to persuade many reluctant members of Congress to support the law. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
This act is a piece of federal legislation that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. This fought against the discrimination in voting and it was signed by president Lyndon B. Johnson. Martin Luther King Jr. helped in creating this bill with his protests. -
Poll Taxes
A poll taxes is a tax or bill people have to pay in order to vote in the united states. Many protested against this and now the poll taxes have been revoked. -
Robert Kennedy Speech in Indianapolis upon death of MLK
Robert F. Kennedy broke the news of Martin Luther King's death to a large gathering of African Americans that evening in Indianapolis, Indiana. The gathering was actually a planned campaign rally for Robert Kennedy in his bid to get the 1968 Democratic nomination for president. He was the first to break the news of King’s death to the public. -
19th Amendment
The Nineteenth Amendment prohibits any United States citizen from being denied the right to vote on the basis of sex. -
Reed v. Reed
Sally and Cecil wanted rights over their son’s estate. The probate code stopped her from doing this, because man comes before women. She took it to the Supreme Court saying that men rights compared to womens rights are unconstitutional -
Regents of the University of Califonia v. Bakke
Bakke applied to the University of California medical school. He claimed that the Univeristy of California violated his 14th amendment right. Supreme Court ruled for Bakke. -
Equal Rights Amendment
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was a proposed amendment to the US Constitution that would guarantee equality under the law regardless of sex. It guarantees equal rights regardless of what gender you are because the Constitution only explicitly talks about males. -
Bowers v. Hardwick
Hardwick was having intercourse with his partner and they both got arrested for sodomy. Bowers took it to the Supreme Court and won. -
Americans with Disabilities Act
This act prohibits discrimination based off of disabilities; it nearly has the same properties as the Civil Rights Act. The disability doesnt have to be permanent in order to be determined a disability. -
Lawrence v. Texas
Lawerence and Garner were participating in private sexual acts. They were arrested, so they took the case to the Supreme Court, who ruled in Lawrence’s favor. -
Fisher v. Texas
The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals failed to apply strict scrutiny in its decision affirming the admissions policy. The decision is vacated, and the case remanded for further consideration. -
Indiana's Gay Rights
Indiana defending bans on gay marriage as "totally implausible" on Thursday, in a ruling in favor of same-sex couples.
