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13th Amendment
This amendment abolished human slavery except as a punishment for a crime. Freed all slaves, even in the rebellious South. -
14th Amendment
Rights of citizenship, due process of law, and equal protection of the law for African Americans. The 14th amendment has become one of the most used amendments in court to date regarding the equal protection clause. -
15th Amendment
All American men have the right to vote, regardless of ethnicity. Finally allowed minorities to participate in democratic elections. -
Tuskegee Institute Created
First college institution for African Americans. Allowed them to get a college education. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
After Homer Plessy rode in an all-white train car, the Supreme Court upheld the concept of "separate but equal" segregation. -
NAACP Created
Organization that advocated for the rights of disadvantaged minorities. Helped these people advocate for themselves. -
19th Amendment
Gave women the right to vote. Now all American citizens 21 years old and older could vote. -
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) First Proposed
A proposed amendment to the Constitution that would guarantee equal rights to men and women. Never got enough support from the states to be ratified. -
Executive Order 9981
Desegregated the military. Minority soldiers could now serve their country more effectively. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Court case that outlawed segregation in public schools. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Protest against segregation on Montgomery’s bus system. Showed African Americans finally standing up for themselves. -
Little Rock 9
Group of 9 integrated Afriacn American students at Little Rock Central High School. First integrated students in the South. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
First civil rights act signed into law. Established Civil Rights Division of Justice Department. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) formed
Created in 1957, the first president was Martin Luther King Jr. Goal was to promote non-violent protests for civil rights. -
Greensboro, NC Sit-Ins
First nationally viewed segregation protest, sparked protests around the country. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Formed
First national committee that allowed young blacks to have a significant voice in civil rights. -
Chicano Movement (Mural Movement)
Cultural and artistic renaissance meant to portray Mexican American culture and art on a wide scale. -
Freedom Riders
Civil rights activists who rode buses into the Deep South to spread awareness. Met with widespread violence. -
Cesar Chavez
Founder of National Farm Workers Association, spent his life protecting migrant workers and their rights. -
Dr. King’s: “Letter from a Birmingham Jail”
Letter written by Dr. King that justified his civil disobedience and called for unity and brotherhood among men.
