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451
The Council of Chalcedon
The Council of Chalcedon met in 451 in Chalcedon. The council’s ruling was an important step in further clarifying the nature of Christ and the orthodox creed of the Trinity. The council cursed those who taught that Christ has only a single nature and also those who taught a mixture of his two natures. The council produced the "Chalcedonian Definition" which teaches that Christ is "the same perfect in Godhead and also perfect in manhood; truly God and truly man.” -
May 3, 1054
The East-West Schism
The East-West Schism took place in 1054 and it was the separation between the Eastern Churches and the Western Church. There were many differences between the two parties which led to major conflict. The two churches agreed to mutual excommunications and the excommunications were not lifted until 1965. The primary causes of the Schism were disputes over papal authority and over the insertion of the filioque clause into the Nicene Creed. -
Sep 6, 1347
The Plague/The Black Death
The Plague or also known as The Black Death, was one of greatest catastrophes ever. The disease spread across all of Europe in 1347. The Black Death was known to kill almost 50 million people in the 14th Century. The Black Death provided insight into the human side of the Church and left bad impressions on the minds of the followers. The Church took advantage of The Black Death and used it to make money by selling indulgences to those who believed it would help them make it to heaven faster. -
Jul 6, 1517
Martin Luther’s Publication of 95 Theses
Martin Luther had a mission of ending the selling of indulgences and reforming the Church. He penned a document in 1517 attacking the Catholic Church's corrupt practises of selling indulgences. He wrote out 95 theses which offer two central beliefs, the Bible is the central religious authority and that humans may reach salvation only by their faith and not by their deeds. Martin Luther's work changed the course of the Catholic Church's history. -
Aug 12, 1555
Peace of Augsburg
The Peace of Augsbur was a treaty which legalised catholicism and Lutheranism in Germany. The Peace of Augsburg took place in 1555. The legislation officially ended conflict between the two groups. -
Dec 24, 1563
The Council Of Trent
Germany was in need of a general council following the excommunication of the German leader, Martin Luther. It is known as the most important movement of the Catholic Counter-Reformation. A Council convened by the heretical Roman Catholic Church to go against the Protestants. -
The First Vatican Council
The First Vatican Council first took place in 1870 and was promoted to deal with contemporary problems.The pope was referring to the rising influence of rationalism, liberalism, and materialism. The First Vatican was initially a success but still left some areas which needed to be addressed. -
The Second Vatican Council
The Second Vatican Council was first announced in 1965 as a means of spiritual renewal for the church. Also for those Christians separated from Rome to join in search for reunion. The second Vatican Council resulted in administrative and liturgical changes. The purposes of the updates of the liturgical and administrative was to make it more acceptable and appropriate to the twentieth century world.
