Charles I of Spain

Charles I of Spain was born

Feb 24, 1500

Charles I of Spain, born on February 24, 1500, was king of Spain from 1516 to 1556 and Holy Roman emperor, as Charles V, from 1519 to 1558. The grandson of Ferdinand II and Isabella I as well as the emperor Maximilian I, Charles inherited an empire that stretched from Germany to the Americas.

Charles I of Spain was baptized

Mar 7, 1500

He was baptized on March 7 in the Cathedral of Saint Bavo.

Felipe and Juana set out again for Spain

1506

Felipe and Juana set out again for Spain to claim the crown of Castile after the death of Isabel la Católica. That same year, Felipe died prematurely and Juana, considered a madwoman, was locked up in a convent in Tordesillas by her father Fernando de ella.

Charles' coming of age is declared

1515

That way, being named Lord of the Netherlands, ending the regency of Margarita.

He assumed the governorship of four states

1515

Charles assumed to govern the Netherlands, the Franche-Comté, Burgundy and the Charoláis.

Foreign policy

1516

The political ideal of the emperor consisted in the defense of Christianity and in affirming the supremacy of the imperial power over the rest of the Christian kings. This claim to create a universal monarchy was opposed by his rivals, which led to numerous conflicts during his reign.

Ferdinand II of Aragón passed away

Jan 23, 1516

After the death of his maternal grandfather, Charles V inherited the unified crowns of Castile and Aragon.

The reign of Charles I of Spain

Period: Mar 14, 1516 to Jan 16, 1556

He was Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, King of Spain, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia, Duke of Burgundy, sovereign of the Netherlands and Archduke of Austria.

Charles sends to the council of Castille

Mar 21, 1516

Charles sends a letter to the Council of Castile informing of his decision to appoint himself King.

The treaty of Noyon

Aug 13, 1516

The Treaty of Noyon was a treaty concluded in the Burgundian city of Noyon between France and Spain. The main clauses of the agreement included: Charles I of Spain was recognized the throne of Naples and Francisco I of France the Duchy of Milan.
The wedding was agreed between Carlos and Luisa Claudia, the first-born daughter of Francisco I (the union did not take place)

Charles moved to Spain

1517

At the age of 17 he moved to Spain to receive his grandfather's inheritance. Although his mother Juana was still alive, Charles V moved to Spain to receive his inheritance.

Charles V was crowned king

Feb 9, 1518

The Cortes of Castile, meeting in Valladolid, swore in Charles as King and also granted him 600,000 ducats. In addition, the Cortes made a series of petitions to the king, including:
• Learn to speak Spanish.
• The cessation of appointments to foreigners.
• The prohibition of the exit of precious metals and horses from Castile.
• More respectful treatment of his mother, Juana, held in Tordesillas.

Carlos V becomes the most powerful monarch in Europe

1520

C harles V became the most powerful monarch of his day, ruling over an empire that included what is now Spain, Germany, the Netherlands, parts of Italy and central Europe, and large areas in the Americas.

In Aragon the conflict of the Germanías takes place

Period: 1520 to 1523

In the territories of the Kingdom of Valencia and Majorca the movement of the Germanías took place. The movement reached the Balearic Islands where it lasted until 1523. After the defeat of the comuneros, the army ended the conflict of the Germanías.

In Castile, the War of the Communities of Castile takes place

Period: 1520 to 1521

The arrival of Charles to Castile meant the arrival of an inexperienced young man who did not know the customs and language of his kingdom. This upset the Castilians and they made it known to him in the Cortes of Valladolid in 1518, which was ignored by the king.
Finally the comuneros, were defeated, and the king on his return made organizational changes in the kingdom that were manifested especially after the Cortes of Valladolid in 1523.

Charles V was elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire

Oct 23, 1520

At twenty he was the head of Christendom. After the death of his paternal grandfather Maximilian I of Austria, Charles I was elected as emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Carlos was crowned emperor in the city of Aachen.

First war against Francis I of France

Period: 1521 to 1526

The Italian War of 1521–1526, sometimes known as the Four Years' War, was a part of the Italian Wars. The war pitted Francis I of France and the Republic of Venice against the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Henry VIII of England, and the Papal States.

Worms diet

Apr 17, 1521

Luther before the Diet of Worms, presided over by the newly appointed Emperor Charles V.
The most historically relevant aspect of the Diet was the appearance of Martin Luther who was summoned to retract his famous thesis. From April 16 to 18, Luther spoke before the assembly, but instead of abjuring, he vigorously defended his Protestant attitude.

Defeat of the commoners

Apr 23, 1521

The main leaders of Charles V, the comuneros Padilla, Bravo and Maldonado, were defeated in Villalar.

The battle of Villalar

Apr 23, 1521

The Battle of Villalar was a battle in the Revolt of the Comuneros fought on 23 April 1521 near the town of Villalar in Valladolid province, Spain.

Hadrian is named Pope

Jan 9, 1522

He was Charles' teacher when he was little. His Pope name was Adriano VI. He replaced Leo X.

Second war against Francis I of France

Period: 1525 to 1529

Treaty of Madrid

Jan 14, 1526

The Treaty of Madrid was signed on January 14, 1526 by Charles I of Spain and Francisco I of France in Madrid, where Francisco I was a prisoner after the French defeat at the Battle of Pavia.
Under the terms of the treaty, France renounced her rights to Milanese, Genoa, Burgundy, Naples, Artois, Tournai and Flanders in favor of Emperor Charles. Francisco I promised to marry Carlos's sister, Leonor, and to send two of his children to Spain as collateral.

The wedding of Charles V and Isabel of Portugal

Mar 11, 1526

Royal Wedding between Charles I and Isabel of Portugal The link between Charles I of Spain and V of Germany, with his first cousin Isabel of Portugal took place in the Reales Alcázares of Seville.

The Cognac League is created

May 22, 1526

It was an alliance between the Papacy, France, Milan, Venice and Florence that was in force until 1529. Against this alliance Charles V fought in the sack of Rome.

The sack of Rome

May 6, 1527

The Sack of Rome on 6 May 1527 was a military event carried out by the mutinous troops of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in Rome, then part of the Papal States. It marked a crucial imperial victory in the conflict between Charles and the League of Cognac

Philip II of Spain

May 21, 1527

King Philip II of Spain, also known as Philip the Prudent, ruled one of the world's largest empires. His reign as Spain's king began the Golden Age, a period of great cultural growth in literature, music and the visual arts. He was also the King of England through his marriage to Mary Tudor for four years.

His daughter Maria is born

Jun 21, 1528

Maria of Austria was the empress consort and queen consort of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia and Hungary. She served as regent of Spain in the absence of her father de ella Emperor Charles V from 1548 until 1551.

Peace of Cambrai

Aug 5, 1529

The Peace of Cambrai was signed between Luisa of Savoy, on behalf of hers, her son Francis I of France, and Margaret of Austria, on behalf of her nephew, Emperor Charles V, which is why she is also known as the Peace of the Ladies. It was intended to end the second war between the two monarchs. The emperor renounced his rights over the Duchy of Burgundy and other territories, while Francis I did the same over the regions of Flanders and Artois.

His son Ferdinand I

Nov 21, 1529

Ferdinand I of Austria was a son of Charles I of Spain and Isabel of Portugal, who died in infancy.

Charles I is crowned Holy Roman Emperor

Feb 24, 1530

Precisely on his birthday, in the Italian city of Bologna. Charles was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the Pope of Rome Clement VII.

The conquest of Tunis

1535

The Conquest of Tunis in 1535 was a successful capture of Tunis, then under the control of the Ottoman Empire, by the Habsburg Empire of Charles V and its allies.

Third war against Francis I of France

Period: 1535 to 1538

Battle of Girolata

Jun 15, 1540

The Battle of Girolata was a naval combat that pitted a Hispano-Genoese fleet against another Ottoman in the Gulf of Girolata, located on the west coast of the island of Corsica. The confrontation took place to dispute for the control of the Mediterranean Sea between the emperor Carlos V and the Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. In this battle, Charles V's fleet was victorious.

Defeat of Algiers

Oct 25, 1541

The 1541 Algiers expedition occurred when Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire attempted to lead an amphibious attack against the Ottoman Empire 's stronghold of Algiers, in modern Algeria.

Fourth war against Francis I of France

Period: 1542 to 1544

The peace of Crépy

Sep 18, 1544

The Peace of Crépy-en-Laonnois, signed between Francisco I of France and Charles I of Spain , marked the departure of Charles from the Italian war of 1542-1546. Peace would be short-lived, since in 1551 hostilities between the two signatory powers would break out again.

The Council of Trent

Period: 1545 to 1563

The Council of Trent lasted from 1545 to 1563. Summoned by Pope Paul III, Charles V ardently desired the meeting of the council, hoping that it would serve to rebuild religious unity. He faced dogmatic problems such as the precision of the Catholic faith against the errors of Protestantism, although the questions of papal primacy and the ecclesial concept were not modified.

His son Juan was born

Feb 24, 1545

Juan of Austria, was the illegitimate son of King Charless I of Spain and V of the Holy Roman Empire, and of Bárbara Blomberg. he was a member of the Spanish royal family, military and diplomat during the reign of his brother Felipe II.

Battle of Mühlberg

Apr 24, 1547

The Battle of Mühlberg took place near Mühlberg in the Electorate of Saxony in 1547, during the Schmalkaldic War. The Catholic princes of the Holy Roman Empire led by the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V decisively defeated the Lutheran Schmalkaldic League of Protestant princes under the command of Elector John Frederick I of Saxony and Landgrave Philip I of Hesse.

Peace of Augsburg

Sep 25, 1555

The Peace of Augsburg, also called "Peace of religions", was a treaty between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the Schmalkaldic League, signed in September 1555 at the imperial city of Augsburg. It officially ended the religious struggle between the two groups and made the legal division of Christianity permanent within the Holy Roman Empire, allowing rulers to choose either Lutheranism or Roman Catholicism as the official confession of their state

Charles V abdicates

1556

Charles V abdicated the throne in 1556, apportioning his imperial titles to his brother Ferdinand I and his Dutch and Spanish ones to his son Philip II.

Charles retires to the monastery of Yuste

1556

In 1556 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, retired to the Monastery of Yuste, near Cuacos de Yuste, after having abdicated the Spanish crown in favour of his son Philip II of Spain and the crown of the Holy Roman Empire in favour of his brother Ferdinand I. He intended to devote the rest of his life to prayer in this remote and obscure monastery.

Charles V passed away

Sep 21, 1558

He died at the Yuste Monastery, in Extremadura.