Chapter 21

  • 1492

    Spain expelled the Muslims and Jews

    Spain expelled the Muslims and Jews
  • 1527

    Philip II became the leader of Spain

    Philip II became the leader of Spain
  • 1547

    Ivan IV (the Terrible) became the Czar of Russia

    Ivan IV (the Terrible) became the Czar of Russia
  • 1557

    Phillip II's palace, Escorial, was built

    Phillip II's palace, Escorial,  was built
  • 1560

    The Dutch revolt against Spanish rule began

    The Dutch revolt against Spanish rule began
  • 1566

    James I became the King of England

    James I became the King of England
  • 1572

    St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occurred

    St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre occurred
  • 1581

    The Dutch Republic was created

    The Dutch Republic was created
  • Phillip II's Spanish Armada was defeated by England

    Phillip II's Spanish Armada was defeated by England
  • Henry VI became the first king of the Bourbon dynasty in France

    Henry VI became the first king of the Bourbon dynasty in France
  • Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes

    Henry IV issued the Edict of Nantes
  • Oliver Cromwell became the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth in England

    Oliver Cromwell became the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth in England
  • Miguel Cervantes published Don Quixoten

    Miguel Cervantes published Don Quixoten
  • Beginning of the Thirty Year's War

    Beginning of the Thirty Year's War
  • Charles I signed the petition of the Right in England

    Charles I signed the petition of the Right in England
  • Fredrick William became the Elector of Brandenburg

    Fredrick William became the Elector of Brandenburg
  • The English Civil War began

    The English Civil War began
  • Louis XIV became the king of France

    Louis XIV became the king of France
  • The Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years' War

    The Peace of Westphalia ended the Thirty Years' War
  • Charles II became the King of England (thus beginning the restoration)

    Charles II became the King of England (thus beginning the restoration)
  • Peter I (the Great) became the Czar of Russia

    Peter I (the Great) became the Czar of Russia
  • Charles VI became the Hapsburg ruler

    Charles VI became the Hapsburg ruler
  • James II became the King of England

    James II became the King of England
  • William and Mary became the King and Queen of England (Glorious Revolution)

    William and Mary became the King and Queen of England (Glorious Revolution)
  • The English Bill of Rights was issued in England

    The English Bill of Rights was issued in England
  • Treaty of Utrecht was signed ending the War of the Spanish Succession

    Treaty of Utrecht was signed ending the War of the Spanish Succession
  • Peter I moved the capital of Russia to St. Petersburg

    Peter I moved the capital of Russia to St. Petersburg
  • Maria Theresa became the leader of Austria

    Maria Theresa became the leader of Austria
  • Frederick II (the Great) became the leader of Prussia

    Frederick II (the Great) became the leader of Prussia
  • The War of the Austrian Succession

    The War of the Austrian Succession
  • The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed

    The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed
  • The Seven's Years' War Began

    The Seven's Years' War Began