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Period: Aug 25, 1533 to
Reign of Ivan the Terrible
He won great victories, and added lands to Russia. Gave Russia a code of Laws, and ruled Justly. He accused tje boyars for poisoning his wife and Ivan turned against them. He executed many of his boyars, killed his oldest son and Heir. His weak son was left to rule. -
Period: Jan 1, 1556 to
Reign of Philip II
Powerful ruler in Europe. He was a hard worker, and did not want anybody else to help him. When he took power, Europe was experiencing Religious wars, and he believed it was his duty to defend the Catholicism. -
May 12, 1572
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
Paris sparked a six week Slaughter of Huguenots. It was on the same day as Henry of Navarre's wedding. -
Period: May 12, 1572 to
Reign of Henry of Navarre
Henry or Navarre was the Prince of Huguenot, and Married Catherine's daughter. There was a masacre, and most nobles died, but he survived. Henry chose to give up Protestantism and become catholic. -
Signing of Edict of Nantes
Henry declared that the Huguenots could live in peace in France, and set up their own houses of Worship in some Cities. -
Period: to
Reign of James I
He was a very religious man, and offended the Puritan members of Parliment because James was a Calvinist. He needed money from Parliment but Parliment was reluctant to pay for his expensive court and foreign wars. -
Period: to
Reign of Louis the XIII
Louis was a weak king, but he appointed a strong minister in 1624, who made up for that. -
Period: to
Thirty Years War
A conflict over religion, territory, and for power among European Ruling families. The Hapsburg triumphs and the phase of Hapsburg defeats. Germany, Sweden, and Hapsburg. -
Cardinal Richelieu appointed
Was apponted by Louis XIII. He was a hard working leader of the Catholic Church in France, and was also able to pursue his ambitions in the political arena. -
Period: to
Reign of Charles I
Charles always needed money in part because he was at war with all of Spain and france. He was forced to call Parliment again, but they wouldn't give him money until he signed the Petetion of Right, but he ignored it. To get money he imposed all of the fees and fines on the English people by Taxing them. -
Period: to
English Civil War
Charles offended Puritans by upholding church ritual and a formal prayer book. Charles needed money he could only get by calling parliment into session this gave Parliment a chance to oppose him. Parliment passed laws to limit royal power. He left London and raised an army in Northern England. Supporters and opponents of Charles faught english civil war. -
Period: to
Reign of Louis XIV
Became strongest king of his time when he began his reign. He was only a 5 year old boy. When Cardinal Mazarin died in 1661, Louis took control of the government. -
Signing of the Peace of Westphalia
Ended the war in Germany. It weakened Hapsburg and strengthened France by awarding it German Territory. This made German Princes independent of the Holy Roman emporer, and it ended the religious war in Europe. -
Period: to
Reign of Oliver Cromwell
Cromwell's associate, John Lambert drafted a constitution, the first written constitution of any modern european state. He eventually tore up the document and ruled as a military dictator. -
Restoration of English Crown
Charles II restored the monarchy, theatres, sporting events, and dancing. Parliment passed an important gaurentee of freedom. -
Louis XIV assumes full control of France
Took control after Cardinal Mazarin died. He devoted himself to help France attain economic, political, and cultural brilliance. After Colbert's death, he announced a policy that slowed France's economic progress. And in 1685 he cancelled the Edict of Nantes. -
Period: to
Palace at Versailless started / ended
Louis required hundreds of nobles to live with him. It faced a huge royal courtyard dominated by a statue of Louis XIV. Palace was so large that the food was often cold by the time it made it to Louis's chamber. It was like a small royal city. -
Glorious Revolution
The bloodless overthrow of King James II. Seven members of parliment invited William and Mary to overthrow James for the sake of Protistantism. When william led his army to London, James fled to France. -
English Bill of Rights
Document that said many things a Ruler could not do.
No suspending of Parliment Laws
No Levying of Taxes without a specific grant from Parliment.
No interfering with Freedom of Speech in Parliment.
No penalty for a citizen who petetions the King about Grievances. -
Period: to
Reign of Peter the Great
He was one of Russia's great reformers, and he continued the trend of increasing the czar's power. Peter saw himself as a father to his people, he was cruel to his own family. When his oldest son opposed him, he had him imprisoned and killed. -
Period: to
War of Spanish Succession
England, Austria, Dutch Republic, Portugal, and several German and Italian states joined together against France and Spain. The big winner in the war was Great Britain. Louis' grandson was allowed to remain king of Spain, so long as the throne's of France and Spain were not united. -
Period: to
Reign of Frederick the Great
Followed his father's military policies, and softened some of his laws because he believed that a ruler should be like a father to his people. dies -
Period: to
Reign of Maria Theresa
Was the only Female ruler. Gave birth to 16 children. Her main enemy was Prussia, a new state to the North of Austria. She was very nice to the peasants.
