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John Brown, in an attempt to amass arms for a slave insurrection, attacks the federal armory and arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia.
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Brown is hanged for murder and treason at Charles Town, Virginia.
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Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as the sixteenth President of the United States.
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the civil war was started when abraham lincoln opposed the expansion of slavery
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Lincoln declares a state of insurrection and calls for 75,000 volunteers to enlist for three months of service.
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The South is again victorious at the Second Battle of Manassas.
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The bloodiest day in U.S. military history as Gen. Robert E. Lee and the Confederate Armies are stopped at Antietam in Maryland by McClellan and numerically superior Union forces. By nightfall 26,000 men are dead, wounded, or missing. Lee then withdraws to Virginia.
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declared the end of the war on August 20, 1866.