Carr History of Healthcare

  • Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE

    Early beginnings

  • 3900 BCE

    Diseases caused?

    Evil spirts
  • 3600 BCE

    Treatments of sick

    Prayer,blood,letting,exorcisms,amputation
  • 3100 BCE

    Medicine used today

    Digitalis- for heart
    Quinine-
    Belladonna and atropine
    Morphine
  • 2900 BCE

    Ancient Egyptians

    were the earliest people to keep health records. Priests acted as physicians Blood letting use of leeches ,medicines
  • 1900 BCE

    Ancient Chinese

    Used stone tools to make acupunctures
  • 900 BCE

    Anicent Greeks

    Observed the illnesses to determine nature vs spiritual Hippocrates : the father of medicine Did not allow dissections
  • 100

    Ancient Romans

    Clean water : for sanitation systems First to organize medical care and sent medical equipment with army’s to cure wounded soldiers. Public building : hospital development
  • Period: 400 to 800

    Dark age

  • 500

    Stopped the study of medicine?

    They had no interest on how the body functions
  • 700

    How do they treat diseases?

    Vaccines,and medications to treat diseases
  • Period: 800 to 1400

    Middle age

  • 1100

    Epidemics

    Epidemics : caused million of deaths (the Black Death)
  • Period: 1350 to

    Renaissance

  • 1450

    rebirth

    Saw the Rebirth of learning Universities : for medical schools to research. Dissection : acceptance of the body for study Books : the development of printing press and the publishing of books, allowing greater access to knowledge from research.
  • Period: 1501 to

    16th and 17th centuries

  • 1515

    Leonardo da Vinci

    She studied and recorded the anatomy of the body.
  • 1550

    Gabriele fallopius

    Discovered the fallopian tubes of the female anatomy.
  • 1563

    Bartolommeo eustachio

    Discovered the tube leading from the ear to the throat.
  • William Harvey

    William Harvey
    Used his knowledge to understand physiology, and able to describe circulation of blood.
  • Antoine von Leeuwenhoek

    Invented the microscope and establishing life small than the eye can see.
  • Apothecaries

    Apothecaries
    Engaged in a flourishing trade in drugs and spices from the east.
  • Period: to

    18th century

  • Benjamin franklin

    Benjamin franklin
    Discovered : bifocals and found colds that could be passed on to another person.
  • Medical students learning

    Many students learned medicine and and were getting tought with lectures in labs.
  • Joseph Priestley

    Joseph Priestley
    Discovered the element of oxygen and observed plants that lost oxygen and made usable for respiration.
  • Edward Jenner

    Discovered a method called smallpox, and discovered led to immunization and to preventive medicine in public health.
  • Rene laennec

    Rene laennec
    Invented the stethoscope and helped doctors hear hearts and lungs.
  • Period: to

    19th and 20th centuries

  • Florence nightingale

    Florence nightingale
    Attracted many well education women into the nightgale school of nursing.
  • Ignaz semmelweis

    Identified the cause of child bed fever (puerperal fever).
  • Louis Pasteur

    Known as “the father of microbiology” and discovered that tiny microorganisms that were everywhere.
  • Dimitri ivanovski

    Dimitri ivanovski
    Discovered that some diseases are caused by microorganisms that cannot be seen under a microscope. They are called viruses.
  • Joesph lister

    Learned about Pasteurs discovery that micro organisms cause infection. Also used carbolic acid on wounds to kill germs.
  • Ernst von Bergmann

    Developed asepsis, he devolved a method to keep an area germ free before and during surgery place.
  • Robert Koch

    Robert Koch
    Discovered many disease causing organisms. He also invented the importance of cleanliness and sanitation in preventing the spread of disease.
  • Paul ehrlich

    Discovered the effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms. His treatment was effect for microorganisms but so much on other bacteria’s.
  • Wilhelm roentgen

    Discovered x-rays in 1895. He discovered and allowed him to see people bones through an x-ray
  • Anesthesia

    Anesthesia
    Before nineteenth century, doctors performed surgery without anesthesia. But today doctors can perform surgery without having pain with patients and having a safe surgery.
  • Sir Alexander Fleming

    He found that penicillin killed life threat ending bacteria. Before penicillin people were dying from other bacteria’s.
  • Sigmund freud

    Sigmund freud
    Discovered the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind. His studies were the basics of psychology and psychiatry.
  • Gerhard domagk

    Discovered sulfonamide compounds. They changed the practice of medicine by killing deadly disease's.
  • Jonas Salk

    Discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis. This virus parlazed thousands of adults and children every year.
  • Albert Sabin

    Used a Live Polio virus vaccine, which is more effective. This vaccine is used today to immunize babies against this dreaded disease.
  • Francis crick and James Watson

    Discovered the molecular structure of DNA, based on its known double helix. There model served to explain how DNA replicates.
  • Christian Barnard

    Performed the first successfully heart transplant in 1968.
  • Ben Carson

    Continues to be a pioneer in separating Siamese twins and performing hemispherectomies. Surgery’s on the brain to stop seizures.
  • Period: to

    21st century

  • Chemotherapy

    Chemo helps by stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells, which grow and divide quickly. And chemotherapy can be used to cure cancer
  • Epi pen

    This is to help treat very serious allergic reactions to insect stings or bites, foods, drugs or other substances.
  • Microscopic surgery

    Repair or reconnect microscopic parts of your lymphatic system, nerves or blood vessels
  • The vaccine

    Vaccine helps our bodies devolved immunity to the virus that causes covid 19 without us having to get the illness.
  • Alzheimer drug ( leqembi )

    Its to removes the amyloid plaques from the brain and that this, in turn ,slows the progression of the diease