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1504
The Battle of Knockdoe
The English defeated Clanricard and Ó Briain. -
1520
Earl of Surrey sent to Ireland
To regain control for England through persuasion rather than violence -
1534
Thomas FitzGerald renounces allegiance to Henry VIII
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1537
FitzGerald was hung, drawn and quartered
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1542
Crown of Ireland Act Passed
Established a Kingdom of Ireland to be ruled by Henry VIII and his successors. -
1570
Pope Pius V declares Elizabeth I a heretic
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1575
A drought, which caused disease and plague
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1579
The Second Desmond Rebellion
James FitzMaurice FitzGerald, a cousin of the 15th Earl of Desmond, landed a small force of rebels at Dingle. -
The Nine Years' War
Fought against English rule in Ireland. It ended in defeat for the Irish lords, which led to their exile in the Flight of the Earls, and to the Plantation of Ulster. Ended in 1603. -
The Flight of the Earls
The departure from Ireland of Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone and Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell. -
The Plantation of Ulster by Scottish Presbyterians
Began on a large scale -
Irish Rebellion of 1941
Phelim O'Neill led the capture of several forts in the north of Ireland. -
Irish Confederate Wars 1641-53
Royalists, Irish Catholics and Scottish Presbyterians fighting the ultimate winners, the English Parliament -
Dublin is lost to parliamentary forces
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The Sack of Wexford
The New Model Army under Oliver Cromwell took Wexford town in south-eastern Ireland, massacring soldiers and civilians alike -
Oliver Cromwell Dies
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Restoration of the Monarchy
Charles II becomes King -
King William of Orange claims throne from James II
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Anti-Catholic laws passed - 'popery laws'