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Oct 9, 1347
The Black Plague
The plague reached Sicily in October 1347, carried by the Italian ships, and rapidly spread all over the island. From Italy, the disease spread northwest across Europe. It was spread trough the fleas on rats.People died quickly, within the first few days. It killed about25 million in the first 5 years between 1347 to 1352. The population dropped drastically ,causing wages to rise for labor. People statedmoving from the country to the city. -
Apr 15, 1452
Leonardo Da Vinci
Leonardo Da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452, to Piero da Vinci andCateina, in thehill tow of Vinci. Altough his parents were unmarried his faher did take Leonard and raised him in his home. Leonardo was educated in the studio of theFlorentine painter Andrea de Verrocchio. At 20 , he was accepted int the painter's guild in 1472. 1495 he began working on The Last Supper in therefectory of the convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan. He was known as the "Renaissance Man." -
Dec 4, 1487
Vitruvian Man
Around 1487 , Leonardo Da Vinci started his draing of the Vitruvian Man and finished it around 1490. The drawing is in pen and ink on paper and depicts a male figure in two overlying positions wth his arms and legs apart and at the same moment etched in a circle and square. Sometimes the drawing is known as the Canon of Proportions or Proportions of Man. The drawing is formed from the association of theperfect measureents with geometry described by the Roman architect Vitruvias in his book. -
Feb 21, 1490
Hans Durer
Hans Durer was a German Renaissance painter, illustrator and engraver . He was born February 21,1490, he was one of 17 siblings and the younger brother of Albrecht Durer. He was not as widely know as Albrecht however King Sigismund I did appoint him as the court painter in 1527. He acquired a inheritance from his brother , but a few years later he claimed bankruptcy and was deeply in debt. He became ill and died around 1538. -
Dec 9, 1500
Albrecht Durer
The "Self Portrait with Fur Collar" was panted on a wooden panel by German artist Albrecht Durer in 1500, shorty before his 29th birthday. It was his last painting from a series of 3 self portraits he had created. He was trying to make a statement about German artists being equally as accomplished as their Italian counterparts. He painted himself almost Christ-like in the portrait wit a dark background; critics say he painted it closely as a religious portrait -
Dec 9, 1517
The Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation, began in the 1517 after Martin Luther, a German Augustinian monk posted 95 these on a church door in the university town of Wittenberg. He was protesting the legitimacy of the Catholic Churches doctrine of indulgences and insisting that the Pope had no authority over Purgatory. This began a movement who called themselves the Reformers. The Protestants thrived in Northern Europe. -
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Gian Lorenzo Bernini was an Italian sculptor and architect, he was credited for creating Baroque style of sculpture. He was born in Naples, Italy in 1598 . Bernini received many commissions for his work and Pope Paul V was a patron of his. He was a genius with marble and designed many buildings, churches and chapels. He created the baldacchino in St. Peter's basilica , oneofhis most famous works. He passed away in 1680. -
Jamestown Settlement
In late 1606, three ships, the Susan Constant, the Godspeed, and the Discovery began their long voyage to Virginia with 105 passengers ; the voyage was funded by King James I. Finally in early 1607 the ships landed in North America. They built a settlement but had issues wth starvation and disease. The Powhatan Indians tried to help the settlers with food but the relationship soured. By 1610, 80 to 90 percent had died because of the lack of food and diseases. -
Portrait of James Hamilton by Danie Mytens the Elder
James Hamilton, Earl of Arran had a large collection of artwork. In 1623 , Daniel Mytens then Elder painted James , he was 17. James had Daniel paint a few portraits for him. This was during the Baroque period, northern Baroque woks dealt strongly with naturalism and color. Daniel painted James with a black background and his stockings stand out because of their bright red color. -
Period: to
Age of Enlightenment
During the 18th century the Age of Enlightenment was spreading rapidly across Europe. Scientists like Isaac Newton and John Locke were challenging the old order. Locke disputed that the King did not have any divine rights and Newton's law's changed how people looked at nature's force versus the spiritual involvement. The Age of reason created a new way of thinking and people started doubting the existence of God. It did notonly impact Europe but it also affected America . -
Angelica Kauffman
Angelica Kauffman was born on October 30, 1741 in Switzerland. She was a female neoclassical painter , who was very successful when she was active, especially in London ad Rome. She became a member of the Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze in 1762. She was one the founding members of the Royal Academy of Arts in 1768. Kauffman's El juicio de Paris is at the Museo de Arte in Ponce, Puerto Rico. Giovanni Gherardo de Rossi wrote a biography of her in 1810. -
Diana Leaving the Bath by Francois Boucher
Francois Boucher was an artist from Paris, France. In 1742 Boucher painted Diana leaving the bath, in the painting she is escorted by one of her nymphs to assist Diana bathing. Boucher paints Diana very feminine and delicate, in most art pieces Diana is designed with her bow in her hand on the hunt. Boucher was a Rococo artist an most of his paintings were of different gods and goddess in their intimate moments. -
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte , was one of the most controversial commander's in history. His formal military training may have had a hand in helping him conquer so many countries. Napoleon quickly rose through the military ranks during the French Revolution.He crowned himself emperor of France in May 18, 1804. He conquered Holland , Austria, Italy, Germany, Poland, Spain and a more countries as he went. When he was finally defeated he was exiled to St. Helena were he died. -
Death of Sardanapalus by Eugene Delacroix
Delacroix created it in 1827, it was on display in 1828 in the Paris Salon in 1828. Sardanapalus was a king so distraught by an enemy defeat he ordered all his possessions and concubines destroyed. Delacroix was an artist during the Romanticism period. He used warm tones and painted bodies and treasure all around Sardanapalus . He received a lot of critism from critics since the work was not in the neoclassical schism. A smaller replica was painted by Delacroix in 1844. -
Gustave Courbet
Gustave Courbet was a French painterwho led the Realist movement. In 1849 , he created one of his greatest works "Stone breakers" which is of two men , one old ,one young breaking rocks. The work was first exhibited at the Paris Salon in 1850. He found inspiration painting the work class, lanscapes, and natural settings. He was also very political , even put it in his art. He was imprisoned for 6 months than exiled to Switzerland. -
Fallen Angel by Odilon Redon
Fallen Angel by Odilon Redon was created in1872 with charcoal and paper. Redon was a French Post-Impressionst painter and also used the symbolism technique in most ofhis work. The fallen angel he drew looks a lot like Lucifer beingcast down from Heaven by God, after he started a uprising against God. The angel is looking up a the sky, very humbled with one wing laying limp on his side in defeat. You can see a mountain top behind him and rain clouds surrounding him. -
Hannah Hoch
Hannah Hoch was a German Dada artist , she did photomontages, she was one of the originators of this technique. In 1912 she began her training at the School of Applied Arts and she was the only female in the Berlin Dada group; it dissolved in 1922She did such works as the Grigiabot and Tamer, she used a lot of androgynous parts in her art. She was censored by the Nazi party for her "degenerate" art and had to exhibit her art outside of Germany. She died May 31, 1978. -
World War I
On July 28,1914 World War I began between the Allies and Central Powers. In total there were 27 countries including Germany ,Russia, USA, Bulgaria. The reasons for the were the assassination ofArchduke Franz Ferdinand, Imperialism,Militarism, Alliances and Nationalism. Germany finally surrender due to food shortages and crumbling within in November 11,1918. The Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28,1919. About 17 million people died.
