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Start of the Philippine-American War
Controversy of the Treaty of Paris, the Philippines thought that U.S was violating their own Declaration of Independence, because annexing the Philippines would ultimately deprive them of "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness", and create poitical conflict in Asia. -
The Purchase of Alaska
The territory had been a huge dispute between European powers, but became an economic burden which Russia then tried to pass it off to Seward who represented the United States. It was good for resources and power over Britain. -
Alfred Thayer Mahan
He wrote the important book, The Importance of Sea Power Upon History, where he argued that strong navy power was crucial to secure world markets and become a world superpower. The book persuaded Congress to finance the contstruction of modern steel ships and the acquisition of overseas islands for supplies. -
Cause of Spanish-American War
There was an overwhelming support for the war against the Spanish due to jingoism which was an intense form of nationalism that led to aggressive foreign policy. The United States were begging to become a world power -
Yellow Press in the Spanish-American War
This promoted war fever with their bold headlines and made false accounts on behalf of the Spanish atrocities in Cuba. This urged Americans to intervene in Cuba to stop the atrocities and suffering. -
Overthrow of Hawaii
American settlers aided the overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarch, however, Cleveland opposed the Republican efforts to annex Hawaii. -
The Cuban Revolt during the Spanish American War
For many years, many Cuban Nationalists fought to overthrow Spanish rule and attempted to either force Spain's withdraw or help the United States fight against them. The response of the Spanish was to send 100,000 troops to suppress the revolt. -
Outbreak of War over Hawaii and Philippines
The fight for the Philippines gave Congress and Mckinley the pretext to complete annexation. -
Treaty of Paris
"Treaty of Peace", that recognized Cuban independence and the U.S purchase of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. -
Results of Spanish American War
Imperialism was major issue, still after the ratification of the Treaty of Paris, Anti-Imperialist League, led by William Jennings Bryan, opposed the expansion into the pacific. -
U.S becomes World Power
U.S. Victory brought pride to all Americans, and made southern states more attachted to the Union, France, GB, and other European states recognized the United States a first-class power with a strong navy and the willingness to take active roles in international affairs. -
Territory of Hawaii
The Hawaiian Islands became U.S territory of the U.S and eventually a state, the 50th in our union, and it gave us even more land and more power. -
Election of 1900
Republican candidate was McKinley, because he was a "war hero", while the Deomcratic candidate was William Jennings Bryan, who attacked the growth of American Imperialism. -
Boxer Rebellion
When 19th century ended, nationalism and xenophobia rose in China. Chinese nationalists, the Society of Harmonious Fists (or Boxers), attacked foreign settlements and killed plenty of Christian missionaries. To keep American lives and property safe, U.S troops invaded and forced the Boxer rebellion down. -
Big Stick Diplomacy
Mckinley was fatally shot and vice president Theodore Roosevelt was succeeded into office. His motto was "speak softly and carry a big stick" which related to his agression for foreign policy. -
Cuba and the Platt Amendment
Although resented by Cuban nationalists, this Amendment required Cuba to never sign a treaty with a foreign power that ceased its independence, to not build high public debt, to allow U.S to intervene in Cuba's affairs to keep its independence and maintian law and order, and allow U.S to keep naval bases. -
Insular Cases
Philippines questioned whether the U.S Constitution applied to the territories that were under U.S control, Anti-Imperialist argued they did, but imperialist argued they didnt, and the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Imperialists. Rights were not automatically give to territories, but were decided to be given by Congress. -
Revolution in Panama
Roosevelt was eager to begin the construction of a canal through the terrain pof the isthmus of Panama. Roosevelt supported a revolt in Panama in 1903. With U.S backing, the rebellion succeeded immediately and almost without bloodshed. -
Panama Canal
As a result of the Spanish American War, the new American empire stretched from Puerto Rico in the Carribean to the Philippines in the Pacific. -
Russo-Japanese War
Imperialist rivalry between Russia and Japan led to a war between these nations, which Japan was winning. To end the war, Theodore Roosevelt arranged for a diplomatic conference between representatives of the two foes at Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Although, both Japan and Russia agreed to the Treaty of Portsmouth, Japanese nationalists blamed the United States for not giving their country all that they wanted from Russia. -
Building the canal
The Panama Canal was completed in 1914, hundreds of laborers lost their lives in the efforts. The work was completed in great measure to the skills of two Army Colonels, George Goethals, the chief engineer of the canal, and Dr. William Gorgas, whose efforts eliminated the mosquitoes that spread deadly yellow fever. -
Dollar Diplomacy in Latin America and East Asia
Taft believed that private American fianacial investment in China and the nations of Central America would lead to greater stability there, while at the same time promoting U.S business interests. -
William Howard Taft and Dollar Diplomacy
Taft adopted a foreign policy that was mildly expanionist but depended more on investors' dollars than on the navy's battleships. -
Railroads in China
William Howard Taft first tested his policy in China. He wanted U.S bankers to be included in a British, German, French plan to invest in railroads in China. He succeeded in securing American participation in an agreement signed in 1911. -
Conflict in Mexico
Wilson's moral approach to foreign affairs was severly tested by a revolution and civil war in Mexico. Wanting democracy to triumph here, he refused to recognize the military dictatorship of General Victoriano Huerta, who had seized power in Mexico in 1913 by arranging to assassinate the deomcratically elected president. -
Spark of World War 1
With the assassination of the Austrain Archduke Franz Ferdinand by an serbian nationalist, the government of Austria-Hungary delievered an ultimatum to Serbia. They eventually invaded Serbia four days later. -
Spark of War World 1
With the assassination of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by an Serbian nationalist, the government of Austria-Hungary delivered an ultimatum to Serbia. They eventually invaded Serbia four days later. -
Tampico Incident
In aid of a revolutionary faction that was fighting Huerta, Wilson wanted an arms embargo against Mexican government. A fleet of American Soldiers were arrested by the Mexican authorities, but released soon later, when they went ashore Tampico. -
Sinking of the Lusitania
The U.S remained neutral during the first few years of World War 1, but when a German U-boat shoots a torpedo at a U.S passenger ship sparking the end to U.S eventually. -
Zimmerman Telegram
Germany sent a telegram to Mexico asking them to work together, but Britain intercepted the message. Wilson believed that this act showed that Germany wanted the U.S. to join the war. -
Russian Revolution
Russian revolutionist overthrow the Czar of Russian and create a republic. It later develops into a Communist government. -
Loans and Taxes
Wilson's war government managed to raise 33 billion dollars by using loans and taxes to help fund the war. Congress imposed a excise tax on luxury goods to also help fund the government. -
The Fourteen Points
Wilson drafted the fourteen points as way to achieve war aims. Many of the points relates to territorial questions regarding France but his main point was the world peace organization. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles is the peace treaty created by the Big Four (Wilson, U.S, George Britain, Clemenceau: France, Orlando, Italy) and all Allied forces. The treaty resulted in Germany paying for all the damages done in the war and the creation of the League of Nations. -
Red Scare
After the war, Russia became a communist country and allthe anti-german hystetia turned into anti-communist hysteria resulting in term called the Red Scare.
