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Period: to
New Deal Programs
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Emergency Banking Act
Gave FDR broad powers over banks and foreign exchange. Bank holiday ends, and banks can reopen when they prove that they are solvent. Within three days, 1000 banks will reopen and national confidence picks up. Recovery -
Reforestation Relief Act
Established the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), and provided work for 250k in reforestation, road construction and developing national parks. Recovery -
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
Established the Public Works Administration (PWA) and the National Recovery Administration (NRA). The PWA supervises the construction of roads, public buildings and other projects while providing employment.
The NRA's goal is to stimulate competition and benefit producers/consumers by implementing codes to create fair trade (used blue Eagle). Recovery, Relief Reform -
21st Amendment
Repealed the 18th Amendment and ended prohibition. Reform -
Gold Reserve Act
It gave the government power to control the fluxuatoins of the U.S. dollar. Recovery -
Indian Reorganization Act
Encouraged tribes to establish local self-government and preserve native culture; helped stop loss of Indian lands, revived tribes’ interest in own culture, not all Indians happy, some denounced as measure that sought to make them museum pieces; 77 tribes refused to organize their provisions, but 200 others did establish governments. Reform Reform -
National Housing Act
Authorizes Federal Housing Administration (FHA), which was stimulated by small loans to householders to improve homes & for building new ones, very popular, one of few agencies that lasted past FDR. Relief -
Frazier-Lemke Farm Bankruptcy Act
Possible suspension of mortgage foreclosures for 5 years but voided by Supreme Court; revised law liming period to 3yrs passed. Recovery, Relief -
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act
Authorized almost five billion for immediate relief and increased employment on "useful projects," one of which is the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Relief -
Resettlement Administration (RA)
Meant help farm families relocate and furnish loans and new projects. Relief, Recovery -
Wagner Act
Created new National Labor Relations Board for administration purposes and reasserted rights of labor to self-organize; led by John L. Lewis--boss of United Mine Workers-- he succeeded in forming Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO) within ranks of skilled-craft American Federation of Labor, but skilled workers didn’t have much sympathy for unskilled workers (esp blacks). Recovery, RElief, Reform Reform, Relief, Recovery -
Social Security Act
Provided for federal-state unemployment insurance, security for old age, some retired workers were to receive regular payments from the government, financed by payroll tax on employers/employees, provisions for blind, physically handicapped, delinquent kids, other dependent. Republicans bitterly opposed. Reform -
Revenue Act
Increased taxes on inheritances, gifts and higher income individuals. Recovery -
Supreme Court Retirement Act
Permitted Supreme Court Justices to retire at 70 with full pay. Reform -
Fair Labor Standards Act (Wages and Hours Bill)
Industries involved in interstate commerce were to set up minimum wage and max hours; goals were $.40/hr & 40hr weeks, kids under 16 not allowed to work; many industrialists opposed especially southern textiles who profited from low-wage labor, but exclusion of agricultural/service/domestic workers meant that blacks, Mexicans, women didn’t benefit from act. Recovery, Relief, Reform Recovery, Reform, Relief -
Hatch Act
Barred federal administrative offices, except highest policy-making officers, from active political campaigning/soliciting; forbade use of government funds for political purposes, and collection of campaign contributions from people receiving relief payments; placed limits on campaign contributions/expenditures; people found ways around it. Reform
