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APUSH by kpatel8
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight D. Eisenhower was elected as president on January, 20 1953. In 1953, the signing of a truce brought an armed peace along the border of South Korea. The president proposed to exchange military blueprints to help each other. In November 1956, he was elected for a second term as president. Eisenhower worked hard to maintain world peace. He also urged to maintain an adequate military.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/dwightdeisenhower -
Brown vs. Board of Education
This case took on segregation within schools, or the separation of white and black students within public schools. Up until this case, many states had laws establishing separate schools for white students and another for black students.
http://www.amistadresource.org/civil_rights_era/school_desegregation_movement.html -
Emmett Till
Till's murder focused national attention on civil rights abuses in the South and mobilized the Civil Rights Movement. His story became a famous example of a racist murder. It happened right at the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement. His brutal murder and the surrounding publicity helped to start the main part of the Civil Rights Movement.
http://www.amistadresource.org/civil_rights_era/emmett_till.html -
Interstate Highway System
President Eisenhower signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act which created the Interstate Highway Sysytem. The I-70 in Kansas was 424-miles long and marked the longest continuous segment of Interstate highway to be completed in any state.
american-business.org -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a 13-month protest that ended with the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation on public buses is unconstitutional.
http://mlkkpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_montgomery_bus_boycott_1955_1956/ -
Peace Corps
Through the Peace Corps, President Kennedy sought to encourage many different cultures come together. Getting almost 25,000 responses, Kennedy made his promise a reality.
http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/Peace-Corps.aspx -
Bay of Pigs Invasion
1,200 missiles from Cuba, in Cuba's Bay of Pigs, were landed under Kennedy's presidency. Kennedy would not help the invasion when they met Castro's troops. Castro's troops crushed them. JFK assumed full responsibility for the failure, which won back the trust of the American people.
http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/The-Bay-of-Pigs.aspx -
Cuban Missile Crisis
Aerial photographs of American spy planes revealed that the U.S.S.R. were installing nuclear missles in Cuba. The Soviets evidently intended to use these missiles to protect Castro and to blackmail US into backing down in Berlin and other spots. Kennedy rejected air force proposals; instead ordered a naval blockade of Cuba demanding immediate removal of the missles. Any attack would result in a war with Russia.
http://www.history.com/topics/cuban-missile-crisis -
End of Cuban Missile Crisis
The U.S.S.R. finally back down and took out the missiles from Cuba. The U.S., in return, agreed to end the blockade and not invade Cuba. Kennedy encouraged citizens to think of Russia as a peaceful country.
http://library.thinkquest.org/11046/days/conclusion.html -
John F. Kennedy
As President, his economic programs launched the country on its longest sustained expansion since World War II. He took drastic measures in the cause of equal rights, calling for new civil rights legislation. President Kennedy was also part of the Cuban Missile Crisis. The American response to the Cuban crisis persuaded Moscow of the emptiness of nuclear blackmail. On November 22, 1963, President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy -
Birmingham Desegregation Campaign
In April 1963 King joined with Birmingham in a massive direct action campaign to attack the city’s segregation system by putting pressure on Birmingham's merchants during Easter On April 12, King was arrested in Birmingham after violating the anti-protest injunction.
http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=55952 -
March on Washinton
The March on Washington was partly credited with winning the passage of the Civil Rights Act. It was the largest public protest in the history of the nation, with over 250,000 people dispersed in Washington, D.C.
http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aah/march-washington-jobs-and-freedom-august-28-1963 -
Assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem
The arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem, the president of South Vietnam, marked the beginning of a successful CIA-based plan led by General Durong Van Minh. Angered by nine years of family rule, many protestors wanted change in government rule.
http://vietnamwarproject1961-1969.wikispaces.com/Overthrow+of+Diem -
Lyndon B. Johnson
When President Kennedy was assassinated, Johnson was sworn in as president. He aided education, attack on disease, Medicare, urban renewal, beautification, conservation, and many other things with the Great Society. The country made spectacular achievements in space also. In Vietnam, despite his efforts for peace, fighting continued. When he left office, he peace talks were in session, but he was not alive to see them finish.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/lyndonbjohnson -
Malcolm X
Malcolm X was a popular civil rights leader in this era. He believed in violence, compared to Martin Luther King, Jr's non-violent ways. He was a member of the Nation of Islam. In 1963, the U.S. State and Justice Departments took notice of his influence on African leaders at the U.N. In 1965, he was assassinated.
http://www.colostate.edu/orgs/MSA/find_more/m_x.html -
Mississippi Freedom Summer
It was organized with the help of the NAACP, SNCC, and was directed by Robert Moses. The main goal for the Mississippi Freemdom Summer campaign was to get more African-Americans registered to vote. Over eight hundred members went to volunteer at the Freedom Summer campaign.
http://courses.education.illinois.edu/ci407ss/freedomsummer.html -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The House of Representatives passed the final version of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it illegal for employers to discriminate against someone on the bases of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex in any aspect of employment.
http://history.house.gov/HistoricalHighlight/Detail/37133 -
Gulf of Tonkin Incident
The Gulf of Tonkin Incident involved two separate confrontations, one actual and one false, involving North Vietnam and the United States in the waters of the Gulf of Tonkin.
http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-m/dd731-k.htm -
Economic Opportunity Act
The act had many social programs that promoted health, education, and general welfare of the poor community. The act also promoted President Johnson's Great Society, which is what he was known for.
http://jschell.myweb.uga.edu/history/legis/econ.htm -
Black Opposition in Vietnam
Black Americans never had a race-wide consensus about the Vietnam War. The young men facing the draft, and many of those who served in Vietnam did oppose the war, but many didn't. Same as any other group of Americans of the time.
http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/stevens/africanamer.htm -
Battle of la Drang
It was the first large scale conventional battle between US Army regulars and NVA regulars. The La Drang valley battle demonstrated to the North Vietnam Army that they should not attack US troops in even unprepared positions if US air support, artillery, and reinforcements were available.
http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/vietnamwar/p/Vietnam-War-Battle-Of-Ia-Drang.htm -
Loving vs. Virginia
In Loving v. Virginia, the Supreme Court rules that prohibiting interracial marriage is unconstitutional. Sixteen states that still banned interracial marriage at the time were forced to revise their laws. Loving vs. Virginia protected the right for men and women to get married.
http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2036448_2036452_2036634,00.html -
Tet Offensive
One thousand Viet Cong troops attack the city of Saigon. The Communist troops capture the Citadel at Hue and seize part of the US embassy in Saigon. It took nearly two weeks to get the Viet Cong troops out of the city. The attack was a military disaster and the communists lost 10,000 troops.
http://history1900s.about.com/od/1960s/qt/tetoffensive.htm -
Richard M. Nixon
Richard Nixon's achievements while in office included revenue sharing, the end of the draft, new anticrime laws, and an environmental program. He reduced tensions between China and U.S.S.R. Nixon announced on August 8, 1974, that he would resign the next day to begin "that process of healing which is so desperately needed in America."
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/richardnixon -
Communists End Tet
Communist forces end a Tet ceasefire, with attacks on Saigon and 115 other cities. Attacks took place throughout Vietnam, killing 453 US soldiers in the first week. In Tet's aftermath, President Johnson came under fire for his Vietnam policy.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/tet-offensive-halted -
Apollo Test Project
Nixon approved of a cooperative program between NASA and the Soviet space program, resulting in the joint mission of an American and Soviet spacecraft linking in space; marking the end of the Space Race between the two superpowers. This was the first step to the advancemenet of space projects.
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo-soyuz/ -
Watergate Scandal
On September 9, 1971, Nixon's paranoia leads to his forming of the "Plumbers." They were sent to destroy Daniel Ellburg's pyschiatrist's office. Later, Nixon took it one step too far by sending five men to break into, place electronic spy "bugs" in, and destory the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate Complex.
http://watergate.info/ -
Gerald Ford
President Ford took office after Nixon's resignation. There were challenges of controlling inflation, reviving a depressed economy, and solving chronic energy shortages.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/geraldford -
President Nixon Resigns
President Nixon resigns because his approval rating goes down and he has lost support of his political support by his cabinet. It is the first ever resignation by a president.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/watergate/articles/080974-3.htm -
President Ford Excuses Watergate Scandal
President Ford excuses Nixon's Watergate Scandal. He wanted to pardon Nixon of all his crimes he ocmmitted when during his presidency.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/ford-pardons-nixon
