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Jan 1, 1348
Black Death
The Black Death went on from 1348-1351. It decreased the population of Europe. -
Jan 1, 1350
Renaissance
The Renaissance was the rebirth of Classical culture. -
Period: Jan 1, 1350 to Dec 31, 1550
Renaissance
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Jan 1, 1415
Council of Constance burns Hus and ends Great Schism
This went on from 1415 to 1417. The end of the Great Schism ended a major conflict at that time and determined the pope. -
Jan 1, 1450
Exploration
The Age of Exploration propeeled Europeans out of medieval ways. -
Period: Jan 1, 1450 to
Exploration
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Jan 1, 1453
Fall of Constantinople; end of Hundred Years' War
The end of the Hundred Years War gave France more power. -
Jan 1, 1455
Invention of Printing Press
The printing press allowed news to be spread to the people of Europe. -
Jan 1, 1492
Columbus encounters America; completion of reconquista in Spain
Columbus discovering America was the start of the creation of America. It also eventually led to lots of conflict for Europe. -
Jan 1, 1500
Early Modern Society
Early modern society laid the foundation for modern Europe. -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Early Modern Society
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Jan 1, 1501
Protestant and Catholic Reformation
These events led to Europe's role in the New World -
Jan 1, 1501
Price Revolution
There was inflation that led to stable prices in Europe. -
Period: Jan 1, 1501 to
Protestant and Catholic Reformation
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Period: Jan 1, 1501 to
Price Revolution
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Jan 1, 1517
Luther posts 95 Theses
Luther's 95 Theses led to the Reformation. It showed people that there can be more than one religion. -
Jan 1, 1519
Cortez conquers Aztecs
Hernan Cortez led Spain to gain power in North America. -
Jan 1, 1520
Religous Wars
Religious Wars led to changes in social, politics, and the economy. -
Period: Jan 1, 1520 to
Religious Wars
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Jan 1, 1534
Act of Supremacy in England creates Anglican Church
The Act of Supremacy led to the Anglican Church which created a different religion for people to follow which eventually created a conflict. -
Jan 1, 1536
Calvin establishes reformed faith in Geneva
The conflict over religion led people to loose faith. However, Calvinism gained followers. Calvinsim was later involved in coflicts due to so many religions. -
Jan 1, 1543
Scientific Revolution
The Scientific Revolution led to a new conception of the universe. -
Jan 1, 1543
Copernicus published heliocentric theory
Copernicus said that the earth revolves around the sun, He challenged the geocentric theory so many people didn't belive him at first. -
Period: Jan 1, 1543 to
Scientific Revolution
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Jan 1, 1545
Council of Trent opens
The Council of Trent was part of the Roman Catholic Church. It was a part of the Reformation. -
Jan 1, 1550
Dutch Commercial Dominance
The Dutch Commercial Dominance helped lead to the development of the Netherlands. -
Jan 1, 1550
Age of Crisis
The Great Famine, Black Death, and other events led to political instability and religious conflict. -
Period: Jan 1, 1550 to
Dutch Commercial Dominance
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Period: Jan 1, 1550 to
Age of Crisis
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Jan 1, 1555
Peace of Augsburg ends religious war in Germany; Charles V abdicates
The division of Christianity was formally acknowledged because of Lutheranism. -
Jan 1, 1580
Witchcraft Scare
Witchcraft affected the daily lives of people in England, Scotland, Switzerland, Germany, and France. -
Period: Jan 1, 1580 to
Witchcraft Scare
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Defeat of Spanish Armada
Elizabeth I of England defeated the Spanish Armada. -
Edict of Nantes ends French religious wars
The Edict of Nantes acknowledges Catholicism as the official religion of France but guarenteed the Huguenots the right to worship in certain places. -
Baroque Art
When Baroque art spread through Europe, it helped the Catholic reform movement. -
Dutch East India Company founded
The Dutch established pepper plantations which led to major income for them. -
Period: to
Baroque Art
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Commercial Revolution
The Commercial Revolution consisted of expansion, colonialism, and mercantilism in Europe. -
Period: to
Commercial Revolution
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Conflict Between Parliament and Kind in England
This conflict led to the English Civil War and eventually the emergence of a constitutional monarcy. -
Stuart monarchy begins in England
The Stuarts had religious conflict and radical policies including conflict with Cromwell. -
Period: to
Conflict Between Parliament and Kind in England
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Age of Louis XIV
Louis XIV reconstructed the government, had conflict with the French Huguenots, and built Versailles leading major debt for France. -
Period: to
Age of Louis XIV
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Peace of Westphalia ends Thirty Years' Was
The Peace of Westphalia was negotiations that ended the war in Germany. The Thirty Years' War was the most destructive. -
Charles I executed in England
During the civil war in England Cromwell's side killed Charles I ending the war. -
Absolutism
Absolutism created new taxes and led to the revolt of the peasants. -
Commercial Wars
There were many wars that took place between 1650 and 1763 such as the French and Indian War. They all affected modern day Europe. -
Rise of Prussia
Prussia gained a lot of power from wars that took place. The Seven Years War was the end of their height of power. -
Period: to
Absolutism
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Period: to
Commercial Wars
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Period: to
Rise of Prussia
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Newton publishes Principia Mathematica
Newton proposed the three laws of motion which led to new ideas and works from other scientists. -
Glorious Revolution; Peter the Great's reign begins in Russia
The Glourious Revoltuion went took place from 1688 to 1689. William of Orange was a major contributor. At the same time Peter the Great began ruling in Russia. -
Rise of Russia
Russia reached its height during the 1700's. They were a part of many wars and gained a lot in Asia. -
Period: to
RIse of Russia
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Bank of England founded
The Bank of England was the first to make loans using banknotes. However, this eventually led to national debt. -
Rise of the Middle Class
The rise of the middle class was important to Europe because it adjusted the social roles of everyone. -
Enlightenment
The Enlightenment consisted of many new widespread ideas that imoacted society. -
Agricultural Revolution
There were new techniques that led to more productivity. -
Period: to
Rise of Middle Class
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Period: to
Enlightenment
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Period: to
Agricultural Revolution
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Peace of Utrecht; death of Louis Xiv
This event took place from 1713 to 1715. The Peace of Utrecht made Philip V as the Spanish ruler. England recieved Gibraltar. -
Rococo Art
Rococo Art emphasized grace and gentle and rejected strict geometric patterns. -
Period: to
Rococo Art
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War of Austrian Succession begins
Fredrick the Great was able to keep Silesia through all the wars he was in. -
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution strengthened the economy by providing jobs and new products. It led to many events after it. -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
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Treaty of Paris ends Seven Years' War
The Treaty of Paris stated that the French withdrew and left India to the British. -
American Revolution; Smith publishes Wealth of Nations
The American Revolution removed Europe from North America through war. Smith published Wealth of Nations, an inquiry of nature. -
Age of Revolutions
Old traditions were replaced with new ideas, sciences, and technology. -
French Revolution begins
The French Revolution began because of the peasants. The French Revolution helped balance the social structure of France. -
Period: to
Age of Revolutions
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Feminism
Feminism helped led to the equality in some ways for women, -
Rise of Nationalism
Nationalism led to political loyalty which eventually led to some conflicts. -
Period: to
Feminism
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Period: to
Rise of Nationalism
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Wollstonecraft begins feminist movment with VIndication of Women's Rights
Wollstonecraft wanted women to have the same oppurtunities men had, for example, education and jobs. -
Napolean comes to power in France
Napolean ends up being a part of many wars causing chaos. -
Romanticism
Romanticism emphasized intuition, feeling, emotion, and imagination as sources of knowledge. It rejected the emphasis on reason of the Enlightenment. -
Period: to
Romanticism
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Abdication of Napolean; Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna was a representative from each country that fought Napolean eventually leading to his abdication. -
Rise of Liberalism
Political and economic liberalism led to people having less restriants. -
Revolution in France; Beligian and Greek Independence
The revolution was against conservative kings and governments. -
Period: to
Rise of Liberalism
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Revolutions of 1848; Marx and Engels publish Communist Manifesto
These revolts consisted of republicans revolting against European monarchies. -
Second Industrial Revolution
The Scond Industrial Revolution consisted of urbanization and expansion which helped develop the modern world. -
Unification and Nation-Building
These events led to a stronger and more united Europe. -
Realism and Materialism
Materialism and realism led to new ideas and practices. -
Imperialism
Europen finance was able to dominate the economic activity of a large part of the world. -
Modern Ideas and Science
These ideas helped create the modern world. -
Rise of Modern Society
New ideas, traditions, art, and technology led to a transformed modern world. -
Period: to
Unification and Nation Building
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Period: to
Realism and Materialism
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Period: to
Second Industrial Revolution
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Period: to
Imperialism
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Period: to
Modern Ideas and Science
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Period: to
Rise of Modern Society
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Crystal Palace Exhibition in Britain
Queen Victoria wanted to provide hope for a better future. -
Britain establishes direct rule of India
The British were able to start the British East India Company and have many exports. -
Darwin publishes Origin of the Species
Darwin explained evolution through natural selection in his work. That eventually led to new ideas and theories. -
Italy unified; Russian serfs emancipated
Italy being unified meant less land for other countries, The Russian serfs led to a new social structure but also conflict. -
Modern Art
New art styles helped changed society and led to modern day art. -
Period: to
Modern Art
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Unification of Germany; Paris Commune and Third Republic in France
The unification of Germany led to modern day Germany. The Third Republic of France was involved in many conflicts. -
Berlin Conference over imperialism
This took place from 1884 to 1885. The Berlin Conference settled confusion over the control of Africa. -
Freud publishes Interpretation of Dreams
Freud's work proposed new ideas leding to new beliefs. -
Einstein publishes relativity theory
Einstein set the basis for physics through his work on the relativity theory. -
Revolution of 1905 in Russia
This revolution was against the government. It included the workers and military people. They helped create the modern Russia. -
World Wars
The World Wars consisted of many conflicts but shifted land and borders around leading to the modern world. -
World War I begins
World War I took place after much tension in Europe. It was mainly fought over the Balkan reagion. -
Period: to
World Wars
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Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
The Bolshevik Revolution ending imperial rule and starting political and social changes that lead to the Soviet Union. -
Treaty of Versailles ends World War I
The treaty declared Germany guilty of starting the war and they have to pay for reparations for damage. -
Totalitarianism
Totalitiarianism led to less democratic states. -
Period: to
Totalitarianism
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Fascists and Mussolini come to power in Italy
They created noticable dichotomy between Fascists ideas and practices. They were also overshadowed. -
Great Depression begins
The Great Depression led to higher crime rates and more migration. -
Hitler comes to power in Germany
Hitler gaining power led to the Nazis and Jewish concentration camps. He also led to World War II. -
Munich Conference-height of appeasement
The Munich Conference allowed Germany to annex certain areas of Czechoslovakia. -
World War II
World War II was faught to stop tyranny and stop Hitler. Eventually Hitler was stopped. -
Cold War
The Cold War led to many conflicts such as the Communist conspiracy, -
European Unity
European Unity is uniting Europe making them stronger. -
World War II ends; United Nations founded
Peace was made at the end of the war and some countries lost territory. The United Nations was created to maintain peace. -
Period: to
Cold War
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Period: to
European Unity
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NATO formed
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization eventually reunitied Europe. -
European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) formed
ECSC was able to provide an increase of income for Europe. -
Stalin dies
Joseph Stalin was responsible for many deaths as the leader of the Soviet Union. His death was a significant date in history. -
Khrushchev's de-Stalinization speech; Hungary revolt
The speech was designed to destroy the image of Stalin and to return to the official policy for Russia. The Hungary revolt was a summary of the Cold War. -
Treaty of Rome creates European Economic Community (EEC)
The purpose of this treaty was to create economic unification. -
Sputnik launched
Sputnik was the world's first artificial satellite which marked the beginning of space travel. -
Fifth Republic in France under DeGaulle
Fifth Republic is the republican constitution that in France. It is still in effect today. -
Berlin Wall erected
The Berlin Wall was created to keep Germans out of West Berlin. -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a reuslt of the Cold War and a failed attempt at overthrowing Castro. This led to the direct line between the White House and Kremlin and the Test Ban Treaty. -
Second Vatican Council begins
The Second Vatican Council was part of the Roman Catholic Chuch. It was the first assembly of religious leaders in almost 100 years. -
Student Revolts
Students and workers faught for reform in education in France. -
Czech "Prague Spring" revolt
This revolt consisted of many violent events. They were fighting for liberalization. -
Helenski Accords- height of detente
The Helenski Accords was a major diplomatic agreement created to reduce between Soviet Union and Western blocs. -
John Paul II elected pope
John Paul spoke out for humna rights during his time and made changes in Europe. -
Soviet Union invades Afganistan
This invasion led to the Soviet War in Afganistan and led the United States to respond. -
Thatcher elected prime minister in Britain
Margaret Thatcher wanted to reduce unemployment and fix the housing market but eventually resigned. -
Solidarity founded in Poland
New unions were formed in Poland and they joined the federation. -
Gorbachev comes to power in Soviet Union
He was the last leader of the Soviet Union and General Secretary of the Communist Party. -
Berlin Wall falls and collapse of communism
At the end of the Cold War the relationship with the West changed and so the wall fell. Communism collapsed due to Germans and was also a result of the Cold War. -
Brak up of Soviet Union
As a result of the Cold War the Soviet Union was split into fifteen different countries.Gorbachev handed things over to Russia. -
Balkan conflicts begin in former Yugoslavia
Eventually Yugoslavia is split up because of these conflicts. -
Maastricht Treaty creates European Union (EU)
The creation of the European Union helped to unify Europe and reduce conflict. -
Euro currency introduced
The Euro was able to help unify Europe's economic conflicts and is still in place today. -
Terrorist attacks on United States
These attacks led to the war in Afganistan and war in Iraq which both tried ridding the world of al-Queda. These wars are still going on today.
