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153
Death of Ulrich Zwingli
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Jan 1, 1053
Start of Great Schism
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Period: Dec 6, 1294 to Dec 6, 1303
Boniface VIII
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Dec 6, 1302
Unam Sanctam published
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Dec 6, 1309
Papacy moves to Avignon
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Jan 1, 1321
Death of Dante Alghieri
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May 6, 1337
Start of the Hundred Years' War
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Jan 27, 1343
Pope Clement VI defines "treasury of merits"
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Jan 1, 1353
Boccaccio writes The Decameron
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Jan 1, 1358
Jacquerie rebellions in France
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Dec 6, 1376
Papacy reterns to Rome
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May 30, 1381
Peasants' Revolt/ War
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Period: Dec 6, 1403 to Dec 6, 1461
Charles VII of France
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Jan 1, 1409
Council of Pisa
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Jan 1, 1414
Council of Constance
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Jan 1, 1415
Battle of Agincourt
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Dec 6, 1415
Jan Huss is burned for heresy
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Dec 6, 1468
Johann Gutenberg dies
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Jan 1, 1492
Siege of Orleans by Joan of Arc
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Jan 1, 1492
Last Muslim region is captured in Spain
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Jan 1, 1492
Columbus discovers america
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Dec 6, 1511
Raphael paints the school of Athens
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Dec 6, 1512
Michelangelo completes the sistine chapel
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Jan 1, 1513
Machiavelli writes The Prince
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Jan 1, 1517
Ottoman Empire takes Mecca & Medina
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Jan 1, 1519
Hernan Cortez lands in Mexico
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May 25, 1521
The Diet of Worms
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Oct 11, 1531
Second Battle of Kappel
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Jun 1, 1533
Henry VIII & Anne Bolyne marry
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Oct 27, 1533
Death of Michael Servetus
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Jan 1, 1536
Death of Desiderius Erasmus
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Nov 11, 1536
John Calvin returns to Geneva after exile
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Dec 6, 1536
Erasmus of Rotterdam dies
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May 24, 1543
Death of Nicolaus Copernicus
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Dec 6, 1544
Publication of Copernicus’s On the Heavenly Spheres
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Jan 1, 1545
The Council of Trent
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Jan 1, 1555
Peace of Augsbug
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Jan 1, 1558
Act of Uniformity passed in England
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Nov 7, 1558
Beginning of Reign of Elizabeth I of England
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Dec 5, 1560
Begin of Reign of Charles IX of France
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Aug 5, 1570
Peace of St-Germain-en-Laye
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Oct 7, 1571
The Battle of Lepanto
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Jan 1, 1572
"Spanish Fury" sweeps Hapsburg Holland
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Aug 24, 1572
St. Bartholomew Day Massacre
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May 30, 1574
End of Reign of Charles IX of France
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Execution of Mary, Qeen of Scots
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Defeat of Spanish Armada by the English
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Henri III assassinated
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Death of Catherine de Medici
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The Edict of Nantes
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End of Reign of Elizabeth I of England
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Hampton Court Conference
The Hampton Court Conference was a meeting in January 1604, convened at Hampton Court Palace, for discussion between King James I of England and representatives of the Church of England, including leading English Puritans. -
Hampton Court Conference
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Publication of first part of Don Quixote
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Publication of Bacon’s The advancement of Learning
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Publication of Kepler’s The New Astronomy
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publication of Galileo's Starry Messenger
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Publication of Galileo’s Starry Messenger
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Death of Cardinal Mazarin
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Defenestration of Prague
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Bacon's Novum Organum
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Battle of White Mountain
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Period: to
Rule of Pope Urban VIII
baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644was the head of the Catholic Church from 6 August 1623 to his death in 1644. He was the last pope to expand the papal territory by force of arms, and was a prominent patron of the arts and reformer of Church missions. However, the massive debts incurred during his papacy greatly weakened his successors, who were unable to maintain the papacy's longstanding political and military influence in Europe. He was also involved in a controversy with Galileo and his t -
Reign of Charles I of England
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649[a]) was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Had a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, -
Battle of Breitenfeld
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Death of King Gustavus Adolphus II Sweden
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Condemnation of Galileo's work by the Catholic Church
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Presentation of the play Richard III
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Peace of Prague
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Publication of Descartes's discourse
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Augustine
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Short Parliament
The Short Parliament was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks. -
Long Parliament
to pass financial bills, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could be dissolved only with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and close to the end of Interregnum on 16 March 1660. -
Death of Cardinal Richelieu
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Louis XIV of France
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The Fronde Revolt
The Fronde (French pronunciation: [fʁɔ̃d]); was a series of civil wars in France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, which had begun in 1635. The word fronde means sling, which Parisian mobs used to smash the windows of supporters of Cardinal Mazarin -
Treaty of Westphalia
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Era of Oliver Cromwell's Commonwealth
The Commonwealth, or Commonwealth of England, was the period from 1649 onwards when England, along later with Ireland and Scotland,[1] was ruled as a republic following the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I. -
Publication of Hobbes's Leviathan
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Publication of Hobbes’s leviathan
Its name derives from the biblical Leviathan. The work concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples of social contract theory. -
Publication of Cavendish’s Observation Upon Experimental Philosophy
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Publication of Pascal’s Pensees
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Secret Treaty of Dover
The Treaty of Dover, also known as the Secret Treaty of Dover, was a treaty between England and France signed at Dover on 1 June 1670. It required France to assist England in the king's aim that it would rejoin the Roman Catholic Church and England to assist France in its war of conquest against the Dutch Republic. The Third Anglo-Dutch War was a direct consequence of this treaty. -
William III of Orange
From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange (Dutch: Willem III van Oranje) over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland; it is a coincidence that his regnal number (III) was the same for both Orange and England. As King of Scotland, he is known as William II. -
Death of Margaret Cavendish
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Death of Margaret Cavendish
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Death of Gian Lorenzo Bernini
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peter the great becomes czar of russia
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Siege of Vienna by the Ottomans
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Reign of James II
James II and VII (14 October 1633O.S. – 16 September 1701) was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII,from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. He was the last Roman Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ireland. -
Revocation of edict of nantes
The Edict of Nantes, issued on 13 April 1598, by Henry IV of France.Louis XIV took the ultimate step--revoking the Edict of Nantes -
Publication of Newton’s Principia Mathematica
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Arrival in England of william III of Orange
William invaded England in an action that ultimately deposed King James II & VII and won him the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland. In the British Isles, William ruled jointly with his wife, Mary II, until her death on 28 December 1694. The period of their joint reign is often referred to as "William and Mary". -
Publication of Locke's Letter Concerning Toleration
Its initial publication was in Latin, though it was immediately translated into other languages. Locke's work appeared amidst a fear that Catholicism might be taking over England, and responds to the problem of religion and government by proposing religious toleration as the answer. This "letter" is addressed to an anonymous "Honored Sir": this was actually Locke's close friend Philipp van Limborch, who published it w -
Publication of Locke's Two Treatises on Government
The Two Treatises of Government (or "Two Treatises of Government: In the Former, The False Principles, and Foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and His Followers, Are Detected and Overthrown. The Latter Is an Essay Concerning The True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government") is a work of political philosophy published anonymously in 1689 by John Locke. The First Treatise attacks patriarchalism in the form of sentence-by-sentence refutation of Robert Filmer's Patriarcha, while the Second Treat -
The Great Northern War
The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. -
Jethro Tull invents the seed drill
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War of Spanish Succession
The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) was fought between European powers, including a divided Spain, over who had the right to succeed Charles II as King of Spain -
Maria Winkelmann discovers a comet
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foundation of st petersburg
On May 16 1703 St. Petersburg's fortress (the Peter and Paul Fortress) was founded and that day became the official birthday of the city. Several days later a wooden Cabin of Peter the Great was built, and became the first residential building in the new city. -
Death of Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet
Tutor of Louis XIV of France, Bossuet was a strong advocate of political absolutism and the divine right of kings. He argued that government was divine and that kings received their power from God. He was also an important courtier and politician. -
Reign of Frederick William Hohenzollern of Prussia
to his death 1740 -
Treaty of Utrecht
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Pragmatic Sanction
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Treaty of Rastatt
The Treaty of Rastatt was a peace treaty between France and Austria, concluded on 7 March 1714 in the German city of Rastatt, to put an end to state of war between them from the War of the Spanish Succession. The treaty followed the earlier Treaty of Utrecht of 11 April 1713, which ended hostilities between France and Spain, on the one hand, and Britain and the Dutch Republic, on the other hand. A third treaty, the Treaty of Baden, was required to end the hostilities between France and the Holy -
Gold Payment stopped in France in aftermath of "Mississippi Bubble"
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Patriarchate abolished in russian church
Peter the Great (1676 - 1725) abolished the office of patriarch and replaced it with the holy synod, the members of which were nominated by the emperor and could be dismissed by him at any time. -
Publication of Algarotti’s Newtonianism for Ladies
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War of Jenkins's Ear begins
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Period: to
War of Austrian Succession
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Publication of L’esprit des lois by Montesquieu
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Hume publishes An Enquiry into Human Nature
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Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
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Seven Years War begins
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Votaire’s novel Candide published
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Fall of Quebec to British
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Publication of Rousseau’s The Social Contract
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Treaty of Paris
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Invention of Spinning Jenny
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Death of artist William Hogarth
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James Hargreaves invents the Spinning Jenny
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Stamp Act passed
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Townshend Acts passed
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Boston Massacre
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British surrender at Yorktown
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Period: to
Pugachev’s rebellion in Russia
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Period: to
Pugachev’s Rebellion
was the principal revolt in a series of popular rebellions that took place in Russia after Catherine II seized power in 1762. It began as an organized insurrection of Yaik Cossacks headed by Yemelyan Pugachev, a disaffected ex-lieutenant of the Russian Imperial army, against a background of profound peasant unrest and war with the Ottoman Empire. After the initial success, Pugachev assumed leadership of an alternative government in the name of the assassinated Tsar Peter III and proclaimed an e -
Publication of Goethe’s Sorrows of Young Werther
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Adam Smith published Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
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US Declaration of Independence
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The Gordon Riots in Britain
were an anti-Catholic protest against the Papists Act 1778 -
Joseph II becomes emperor of Austrian Empire
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James Watt patents his steam engine
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Treaty of Paris guaranteeing US independence
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Jacques Louis David completes Oath of the Horatii
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Catherine the Great’s “Charter of the Nobility” published
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Publication of the Necker Report
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Louis XVI first calls for an Estates general
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The Tennis Court Oath’s taken
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Attack on the Bastille prison
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The so-called Great Renunciation for French nobles
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Louis XVI & his family are forced from Versailles to live in Paris
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Louis XVI & his family try to escape France
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Mary Wollstonecraft publishes her response against Rousseau
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‘Year One’ in the French Revolutionary Calendar declared
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‘Year One’ in the French Revolutionary Calendar declared
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Louis XVI is executed
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Britain declares war on France
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Period: to
La Terreur/ The Terror
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Publication of the Droits d’homme/Rights of Man
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Robespierre is executed
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Publication of Schleiermacher’s Speeches on Religion to Its Cultured Despisers
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‘Consulat’ established in France
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Napoleon establishes ties with the papacy
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Napoleon & Josephine crowned emperor & empress of France
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Battle of Austerlitz
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Treaty of Tilsit signed
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Spanish Rebellion begins
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Period: to
Congress of Vienna
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Period: to
Napoleon returns to rule for 100 days
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Period: to
Battle of the Nations of Leipzig
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Publication of (1st edition) of Shelley’s Frankenstein
