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The French and Indian War
(1754-1763)
France & Indian allies VS Britain & Indian allies
-France expand into Ohio River Valley
-British repeatedly attack Fort Duquesne and other French forts
-French win victories, defeating George Washington
-France wins the support of the Indians
-New British leader, William Pitt borrows to finance war and pays Prussia to fight in Europe
-Treaty of Paris ends the war
-British gain Canada and Florida
-Mississippi Valley opened to westward expansion -
The Proclamation of 1763
-Rule declared by British crown at the end of the French and Indian War
-Forbade settlement west of the Appalachians
-This land was delineated as an Indian Reserve -
Sugar Act
-British legislation attempt to end smuggling trade in sugar and molasses from the French and Dutch West Indies
-Revenue-raising act to fund enlarged British Empire responsibilities after the French and Indian War
-Colonial merchants were required to pay a tax of six pence per gallon on the importation of molasses from countries other than Britain -
Stamp Act
-An Act of Parliament that imposed a direct tax on the British colonies
-Tax on newspapers and legal recognition of documents
-Colonial opposition led to the act being repealed in 1766 -
The Boston Massacre
-Mob of angry colonists harass British soldiers in Boston
-Soldiers fire without command from Captain Thomas Preston and kill five townspeople
-First man killed in revolution is African American, Crispus Attucks -
Tea Act
-Granted the company the right to ship its tea directly to the colonies without first landing it in England
-Commission agents who would have the sole right to sell tea in the colonies
-Purpose was to reduce the massive amount of tea in the British East India Company's warehouses in London and to help the financially struggling company survive -
The Boston Tea Party
-Political and mercantile protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston
-Caused by the Tea Act
-Boston patriots, dressed as Mohawk Indians, raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped 342 chests of tea into the harbor -
Intolerable Acts
-Punitive laws passed by Parliament after the Boston Tea Party
-Boston Port Act, Massachusetts Government Act, Administration Justice Act, Quartering Act of 1774, Quebec Act of 1774
-Outrage caused became the major push that led to the outbreak of the revolution -
Boston Blockade
-Act of Parliament to punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party
-Outlawed the use of the Port of Boston by setting up a blockade
-Lasted until restitution was made to the King's treasury and to the East India Company -
Continental Congress
(September 5-October 26, 1774)
-Convention of 56 delegates from the British colonies who acted collectively for the people of the Thirteen Colonies
-Accomplished a compact to boycott British goods unless Parliament should rescind the Intolerable Acts
-Attended by George Washington, John Adams, Patrick Henry, John Jay, and Samuel Adams -
The Declaration of Independence
(June-July 1776)
-Pronouncement adopted by the Second Continental Congress
-Announced and explained separation from Great Britain
-Main author was Thomas Jefferson
