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The Monroe Doctrine (pg 410)
This doctrine opposed European colonization in the Americas. It was the first time the United States established itself to other countries as a global contender. The Monroe Doctrine helped the U.S. acquire Western Hemisphere territories such as Mexico because it called for the removal of European influence. -
Purchase of Alaska (pg 410)
Russia sought out Secretary of State William H. Seward who they were willing to sell their territory to. As a result, Congress agreed to buy the Alaskan territory from Russia for $7.2 million. This purchase expanded the American country outside of the contiguous 48 states as Alaska does not touch any other U.S. territory. -
The Treaty of Peace in Paris (pg 415)
This treaty was between Spain and the U.S. following the Spanish- American War in which the U.S. defeated Spain. This treaty gave the United States Cuba, Guam, and the Philippines in exchange for $20 million. Defeating Spain, who had been regarded as a world power, and acquiring these new territories elevated the U.S. as a real world power at the time. -
Hawaii (pg 414)
American expansionists began to settle in the Hawaiian islands and in 1893, they overthrew the Hawaiian monarch. Then, The U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898 after the outbreak of the war. The Hawaiian Islands soon became an American territory in 1900 and would later become the 50 and final state of the Union. -
Influence in China (pg 417)
John Hays worked to bring United States influence to China through his notes. He introduced the idea of Open Door which would allow all nations, world powers, to have equal trading privileges in China. The U.S. presence in China asserted the country as a world power as it was alongside other great powers such as Russia, Great Britain, and France who also controlled and engaged in parts of China. Also, American trade and commerce grew as a result of this. -
Panama (pg 418)
The United States sought to have easier access to its southern island territories, so they built the Panama Canal. In order to do so, the U.S. had to negotiate an agreement with Britain that the U.S. could build this canal solely instead of a joint controlled one the two countries had once agreed upon. Also, America had to orchestrate Panama to gain its independence from Colombia, so they could begin work on the canal. Their influence now stretched to farther southern Latin America. -
Root Takahira Agreement
This was an agreement concluded between Japan and the Unites States in which they pledged mutual respect for one another Pacific territories amend support for the Open Door policy in China. This agreement was a result of tensions between Japan and the U.S. over the discriminatory laws in California directed towards Japanese people. Making peace with Japan spread the Unites States influence into Eastern Asia and other parts of that hemisphere.
