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Annexation of Hawaii
The overthrow of Queen Liliuokalani by American and European businessmen in 1893 occurred. Economic interests, particularly the desire to control the expensive sugar market, officials approved the merger despite opposition from some Native Hawaiians and American farmers. Formal incorporation through the Newland Resolution during the Spanish-American War established Hawaii as a strategic outpost in the Pacific, eventually becoming the 50th state of the United States. 1959. -
The U.S.S. Maine explodes
The explosion of the USS Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898, was a major event that sparked the Spanish-American War. The exact cause of the explosion is still unclear, but 260 American sailors were killed. This problem increased the tension between the United States and Spain, which eventually led the United States to declare war on Spain and to intervene in the struggle for Cuban independence. -
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Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American War was a conflict between the United States and Spain in 1898, mainly over Spanish colonial lands in the Caribbean and Pacific. The conflict resulted in events such as the sinking of the USS Maine and US support for Cuban independence. This culminated in the Treaty of Paris, in which Spain ceded control of territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States, thus establishing the United States as a world power. -
U.S. Bought the Phillippines
After the Spanish-American War, the United States acquired the Philippines from Spain for $20 million through the Treaty of Paris in 1898. This purchase marked the United States into the colonial territory of the Pacific, and a long conflict called the Philippines. The Filipino nation resisted American rule which caused a war. The acquisition of the Philippines marked a major expansion of American influence in Asia and determined the direction of American foreign policy for decades to come. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris, signed on December 10, 1898, ended the Spanish-American War. According to this treaty, Spain ceded control of certain territories, including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, to the United States. The treaty also marked the beginning of America's emergence as a world power by gaining important overseas territories and influence in the Caribbean and the Pacific. -
America started going towards an imperialism foreign policy
The shift toward imperialism in American foreign policy began in the late 1800s, driven by a combination of economic interests, national interests, and a desire for international influence. Issues such as regional closure, industrialization, and resources led policymakers to look abroad. The acquisition of territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines marked a major turning point, it established America as an imperial power to put interests beyond the country's borders -
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China's Open Door Policy
China's Open Door Policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, aims to provide equal trade opportunities for all countries in China. It aimed to prevent any country from conducting trade with China while maintaining the country's sovereignty and independence. This policy of protecting Chinese sovereignty against increasing foreign influence would become the framework for diplomatic relations between China and Western powers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. -
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Boxer rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion was an anti-foreign and anti-Christian uprising in China from 1899 to 1901. The Boxer Rebellion, a secret society called the Society of Right and Harmonious Fists, led the rebellion against foreign powers and Christian missionaries. The Western powers and Japan suppressed the rebellion, resulting in many casualties and severe punishments, including retribution against China and the increase of foreign power over Chinese territory. -
Samoa become a U.S. territory
Samoa became a territory of the United States through the Tripartite Treaty of 1899, which divided the Island of Samoa between the United States and Germany. The United States took control of the eastern part of Samoa, known as American Samoa, while Germany controlled the west. The split consolidated American influence in the Pacific and gave it a strategic advantage in naval operations in the region. -
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"Dollar Diplomacy"
The United States pursued a different foreign policy approach in the early 20th century, especially under President William Howard Taft. It aims to promote US economic interests abroad through diplomatic means, often using financial incentives and investments to expand US influence in Latin America and Asia. The devaluation is intended to increase stability and open up new markets but has also faced criticism for being focused on profits rather than policy. -
"Big Stick Policy"
The Big Stick diplomacy, associated with President Roosevelt, emphasized the use of military power to advance American interests and maintain the Western Hemisphere. It typifies the phrase "speak quietly and carry a big stick" which is popular to support diplomatic negotiations at the risk of military action. This approach was seen in actions such as the construction of the Panama Canal and Roosevelt's intervention in the Russo-Japanese War, strengthening American influence on the world stage. -
Platt Amedment
The Platt Amendment, passed by the US Congress in 1901, gave the United States greater control over Cuban affairs after the Spanish-American War. The US was allowed to intervene in Cuban affairs to protect US interests, including the right to accept or reject Cuban treaties and maintain naval bases on the islands, such as Guantanamo Bay. The amendment marked a US interventionist approach to the Caribbean and sparked anger in Cuba over what it considered a violation of Cuban sovereignty. -
Roosevelt Corollary
The Roosevelt Corollary is an extension of the Monroe Doctrine proposed by President Theodore Roosevelt in 1904. It declared the right of the United States to defend Latin American countries to maintain stability and protect American interests. This policy authorized US military intervention in some Latin American countries, which led to criticism of US involvement in the region and the threat of authoritarianism. -
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Building of the Panama Canal
Construction of the Panama Canal began in 1904 under American direction after receiving the rights from a French company that had already attempted the project. The canal's completion in 1914, led by engineer John Stevens and later George Washington Goethals, was an important short route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, greatly reducing travel times and shipping costs, thereby improving international trade. -
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Woodrow Wilson's diplomacy in Mexico
Woodrow Wilson's diplomacy in Mexico during his presidency was a complicated and often controversial affair. Wilson initially disliked the government of Victoriano Huerta, who had seized power in a coup in 1913 and supported the rebels, including those led by Venustiano Carranza and Francisco Villa. However, Wilson's policies of military intervention in Mexico, such as Villa's punitive invasion in 1916, increased regional instability.