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Mariner 4
Mariner 4 is one of the greatest success of the early American space program. It was one the first spacecrafts to ever take photos from another planet in space. -
Mariners 6 & 7
Mariner 6 which is Mariner 7 twin was a spacecraft built so it can get close to Mars and study the surface to check if there are any signs of life or any develop technology for future missions. Mariner 7 had the same goal as Mariner 6 it was the second close flyby to Mars surface 5 days later than Mariner 6 even though it had the same goal Mariner 6 manage to take additional photos of the Martian south pole . -
Mariner 9
Mariner 9 was a spacecraft that actually beat the Soviet Mars 2 to the Red Planet becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet. While the Mariner 9 was in orbit it managed to map out 85 percent of the Martian surface -
Vikings 1 & 2
The Viking 1 was the first spacecraft to ever land in Mars. Its adjective was to instigate the Red planet for any signs of life, it took high resolution images to study the Martian surface and atmosphere. Viking 2 landed on Mars in September 1976 it had the same goal as Viking 1 but like the same for Viking 1 it didn't find any traces of life but it did find all elements essential to life on earth which is carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus. -
Mars Global Surveyor
The Mars Global Surveyor was a spacecraft that operated on Mars for more than nine years its mission was to study the composition of Mars and map its topography and monitor the weather patterns it made many discoveries including the evidence of liquid water at or near Martian surface. -
Mars Pathfinder
The Mars Pathfinder objective was to demonstrate a low-cost method for delivering a set of science instruments to the Red planet also it was the first wheeled vehicle to be ever used on a different planet. -
Mars Odyssey
The Mars odyssey was the first spacecraft to spent more time orbiting the Red planet also collecting more data of Mar's climate and geology. -
Mars Exploration Rovers (Spirit & Opportunity)
Two rovers launched in 2003 to explore mars and search for any past life Spirit outlasted her 90 day planned mission among her discoveries Spirit found out that Mars was much wetter than it is today and it helped the scientists better understand the Martian wind. Opportunity which was the second rover that launched in 2003 began traversing the Red planet and also outlasted her planned 90 day mission and found that one of Mars area stayed wet for an extended amount of time. -
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter which is MRO for short has studied the Red Planet's atmosphere and terrain since 2006 with its powerful camera which is called the HiRISE helped a lot of Mar's mission like the rover Opportunity and had created thousands of stunning images of the Martian surface so it can help the scientists learn more about Mars. -
Phoenix Lander
The Phoenix Lander was also there to search for any past or present microbial life it has a robotic arm which it can dig up to half a meter into the Red planet to collect samples and return them to onboard instruments for analysis it luckily found traces of a chemical called perchlorate and it is a possible energy source for microbes and a possible future resource for human explorers. -
Curiosity
The Curiosity which is the best built rover on its time landed in Mars's Gale Crater in August 5, 2012 the Curiosity mission was to determine whether the Red planet was suitable for microbial life the rover is equipped with 17 cameras and a robotic arm containing a suite of specialized laboratory like tools and instruments. -
MAVEN
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Insight
Insight is the first outer space robotic explorer to study in-depth the inner space of Mars which is its crust, mantle, and core also Insight measures seismic activity and meteorite impacts on Mars today and Insight can use its cutting edge instruments to delve deep beneath the surface and seek the fingerprints of the processes that formed the terrestrial planets. -
Perseverance
The Perseverance mission addresses high-priority science goals for Mar's exploration and also potential life on Mars the job of the Perseverance rover investigate a region of Mars where the ancient environment may have been favorable for microbial life the Perseverance also probes the Martian rock for any evidence of past life lastly throughout its journey it will collect sample of soil and rocks and return them to Earth for future missions.
