Adult Learning Timeline

By markalwill

  • Apprenticeships

    Apprenticeships
    During the 1700s arts and trades, and even reading and writing were taught through apprenticeships. Under this setup, an apprentice would work for a set number of years under the supervision of a skilled master of his field, learning their trade or art.
    https://goo.gl/04riJ5

  • Andragogy

    Andragogy
    Alexander Kapp first coins the term Andragogy
    https://goo.gl/JCB1H3

  • Progressive Era Governmental Adult Education

    Progressive Era Governmental Adult Education
    With the Smith-Lever Act (1914) and the Smith-Hughes Act (1917) the federal government made its first investments in Adult Education by providing federal revenue for farm, home economics, and vocational training. https://goo.gl/04riJ5

  • Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy

    Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy
    During the 1920's androgogy became an accpeted theory of adult learning due to the work of Eugen Rosenstock-Huessy
    https://goo.gl/JCB1H3

  • Post WWII Governmental Adult Education

    Post WWII Governmental Adult Education
    The Manpower Development and Training Act (1962) and the Economic Opportunity Act (1964) both provided federal money to develop programs for adult education, especially basic academic, life and workplace skills with programs such as the Adult Basic Education program. https://goo.gl/04riJ5

  • Malcolm Knowles

    Malcolm Knowles
    Malcolm Knowles developed andragogy as a separate discipline.
    His four Principles include:
    1. Adults need to be involved in the planning and evaluation of their instruction.
    2. Experience provides the basis for the learning activities.
    3. Adults are most interested in learning subjects that have immediate relevance and impact to their job or personal life.
    4. Adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented.
    https://goo.gl/GTKjcE

  • JD Ingall Corporate Andragogy

    JD Ingall Corporate Andragogy
    1976 JD Ingall's 9 point plan incorporate andragogy in the corporate word
    1. subordinates should feel respected
    2. mistakes are learning opportunities
    3. help staff discover what they need to learn
    4. help staff learn from real life
    5. let staff design their learning experience
    6. staff self-appraisal and personal improvement plans
    7. promoting innovation and experimentation
    8. being aware staff development concerns
    9. Together find/solve daily and long-range issues https://goo.gl/05aNeC

  • David Kolb

    David Kolb
    David Kolb proposes the theory of experimental learning which stated that people learn in four stage: concrete experience, observation and reflection, forming abstract concepts, and testing in new situations. This revolutionized course design and adult learning. https://goo.gl/DHPFYB

  • Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences

    Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences
    Gardner proposed that people have 7 difference types of intelligences (1993)
    1. Linguistic intelligence
    2. Logical-mathematical intelligence
    3. Spatial intelligence
    4. Musical intelligence.
    5. Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
    6. Interpersonal intelligence
    7. Intrapersonal intelligence His research has been incorporated into both andragogy and pedagogy. https://goo.gl/Gnrztd

  • Jay Cross

    Jay Cross
    In 1998 Jay Cross began with various companies to revolutionize the field of "informational learning", coining the term "e-learning". He stated that “eLearning is learning on Internet Time, the convergence of learning and networks. eLearning is a vision of what corporate training can become. eLearning is to traditional training as eBusiness is to business as usual.” He popularized the term e-learning during the early 2000s, promoting its use in the corporate world https://goo.gl/TcybgE