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A Brief History of Special Education in the US From 1954 to the Present

By willc9
  • Brown vs. Board of Education

    Brown vs. Board of Education
    Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was a landmark 1954 Supreme Court case in which the justices ruled unanimously that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional.
  • Mills vs. Education

    Mills vs. Education
    Two critical cases in the early 1970s – Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children (“P.A.R.C”) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and Mills v. Board of Education – addressed the issue of education for children with disabilities.
  • The Rehabilitation Act of 1973

    The Rehabilitation Act of 1973
    The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as Amended (Rehab Act) prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs conducted by federal agencies, in programs receiving federal financial assistance, in federal employment and in the employment practices of federal contractors.
  • FERPA

    FERPA
    he Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is a federal privacy law that gives parents certain protections with regard to their children's education records, such as report cards, transcripts, disciplinary records, contact and family information, and class schedules.
  • Public law 94-142

    Public law 94-142
    he Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is a federal privacy law that gives parents certain protections with regard to their children's education records, such as report cards, transcripts, disciplinary records, contact and family information, and class schedules.
  • Title II of the ADA

    Title II of the ADA
    Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services. Title II of the ADA prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities in all programs, activities, and services of public entities. ...
  • IDEA 1990

    IDEA  1990
    IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1975 to 1990. ... Overall, the goal of IDEA is to provide children with disabilities the same opportunity for education as those students who do not have a disability.
  • IDEA 1997

    IDEA 1997
    The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 requires every state to have in effect policies and procedures to ensure a free appropriate public education (FAPE) for all students with disabilities.
  • NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND

    NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND
    The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) was a U.S. Act of Congress that reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students. ... To receive federal school funding, states had to give these assessments to all students at select grade levels.
  • The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004

    The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004
    The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 is a United States law that mandates equity, accountability and excellence in education for children with disabilities.