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Nov 17, 626
Li Yuan
Founder of Tang Dynasty
-the imperial examination system intoroduced in order to ensure that talented people ruled China
-concentrated on uniting the empire under the Tang. By 628, along with his son, they succeded. -
Nov 17, 627
Tang Taizong
-rebel leader seized Chang'an and proclaimed new dynasty- the Tang
-second Tang emperor: ambitious and ruthless (murdered two brothers and pushed father aside)
-great energy, ability + policies
-era of unusual stability and prosperity -
Nov 17, 627
Equal Field System
-land distribution and tax collection
-ensure equitable land and avoid concentration of property per family.
-land was allotted to families according to nerds -
Nov 19, 1121
Song Rebellions
-Rebellions followed economic centres. If economy was bad, rebellions would rise.
-Among them, the Fangla Uprising in Zhejiang and the Liangshanpo Uprising in Shandong were two influential rebellions that greatly weakened the Song. -
Nov 19, 1127
Tributary State
-A tributary state is a state, colony, region, or people who pay tribute to a more powerful state.
-During the Song, the emperors gave "gifts" to the Xiongnu and the Khitan.
-the tribute system began to have both an administrative way to control their interests, as well as a way of providing exclusive trading priorities to those who paid tribute from foreign regions. -
Nov 19, 1279
Population Growth
-During the reign of the Song Dynasty the world population grew from about 250 million to approximately 330 million, a difference of 80 million
-Mainly due by prominent agricultural production
-Surplus of food = population growth -
Nov 19, 1279
Mongol Invasion
-Kublai Khan's Mongol Yuan Dynasty defeats the Song Dynasty in the Battle of Yamen.
-Mongols conquest of China is completed and puts and end to the Song Dynasty.
-the Yuan navy delivered a crushing tactical and strategic victory Picture: A park in commemoration of the battle in Xinhui, Guangdong -
Tang Decline
- regional military governors took advantage of their power and worked as independent regimes -internal corruption + natural disasters such as droughts and famine. -Rebellion of An Lushan in 755 weakened the dynasty -One of the legacies that the Tang government left was the rise of regional military governors, the jiedushi, who began to challenge the central government
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Buddhist Persecution
-Confucian and Daoist critics of Buddhism found allies in imperial court and began the expulsion of Buddhist, Zaroastrians, Nestorian Christians, and Manichaeans.
-persecutions started by Tang emperors.
-Could not manage to eradicate religions because of tremendous popularity -
Song Taizu
-First emperor and founder of dynasty
-centralized admin. that placed military forces under supervision + encouraged generals to retire so they wouldn't displace him
-Confucian education + civil service examinations for loyal imperial servants which had high salaries -
Period: to
Tang Dynasty
At the end of Sui Dynasty, the country was full of chaos. Rebellions by peasants were everywhere.Tang rulers organized China into a powerful, productive, and prosperous state.
-China flourished, the social order was stable, corruption never existed in the court and the national boundaries were even open to foreign countries. -
Period: to Nov 18, 1279
Song Dynasty
-The foundation marked the reunification of China after the Tang's fall.
-During dynasty, many groups pressured through China's northern borders
-The Northern Song: the time when the Song capital was in the northern city of Kaifeng and the dynasty controlled most of inner China.
-The Southern Song: the time after the Song lost control of northern China to the Ju. Retreated and founded new capital, Hangzhou
