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Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
By a Serb nationalist. Ferdinand was heir to Austro-Hungarian throne -
Period: to
WWI
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Austro-Hungarian declaration of war on Serbia
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Russia mobilises forces
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Germany declares war on Russia
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Germany and Turkey sign agreement
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Aus. gov offers Royal Aus Navy vessels and troops to Britain
In case of war. 20000 troops -
War was declared on Germany
Map of CampaignBy British empire and Canada following invasion of Belguim. AUS was legally and constitutionally commited to Britain -
Aus. and NZ declare war on Germany
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1st Convoy of Aus. troops left for war
Leave from Albany, WA -
About 50 000 Australian men had enlisted in AIF
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1st Aus. convoy arrived in Egypt
For training. Troops formed with NZ to make ANZACs and were under commanded by British general (Sir William Birdwood) -
Italy joined the Allied Power
Allied Powers: Britiain and it's empire, France, Russia, Serbia, Greece, Japan etc. Central powers (opposing): Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria -
Western front was in deadlock and Russian army was floundering on the Eastern front
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Naval attack on Turkish defences along Dardanelles
Ended in a month with failure -
2nd attempt at controlling Dardanelles
A British and French fleet of 18 battle ships attempted to force the Dardanelles After 3 Royal Navy battleships were sunk and another 3 were damaged. The emphasis of operation shifted from sea assault to land assault -
Anzacs leave Lemnos and sail for Gallipoli
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2nd phase of campaign began
With major attacks at several points on beaches at Cape Helles and Gaba Tepe. Was seen as vital to dominate penisula. British General Sir Ian Hamilton was in command of landing force. Landings were blighted by errors -
1st British attack on the village of Krithia
Target was Achi Baba -
1st Detailed account of Anzac landings was published in Aus.
Published in Melb. Argus, reproduced from British newspapers. Was written by Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett. Headline: 'Australians at Dardanelles: Thrilling Deeds of Heroism' -
Major General Bridges is shot in leg
At Gallipoli -
Bridges dies
Due to wound -
May Offensive
Turks tried to drive Anazacs off peninsula. 19-20 May -
Turkish attack
Desires to drive Anzacs off Gallipoli but fails. More than 10000 Turks are killed or wounded -
Simpson was killed
Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick -
8 hour truce at Anzac Cove
Used to bury dead on both sides
7:30am - 4:30pm -
Period: to
August Offensive - Allies
Lone Pine 6-9 Aug.
Nek 7 Aug - failed
Australian attacks -
Removal of British commander of Gallipoli campaign
Removal of Sir Ian Hamilton -
Aus. Red Cross Missing and Wounded Enquiry Bureau set up
Set up by Vera Deakin -
British gov approve of Gallipoli evacuation
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Evacuation of Anzacs begins
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Midwinter evacuation of Allied troops from Anzac cove
19-20 Dec. Most succesful operation in campaign Campaign cost Allies 265000 casulaties incl. 46000 dead. Turks suffered 250000 casualties incl. 86000 killed. Anzacs - 26111 Aus. casulaties incl. 8709 killed -
Midwinter evacuation from Cape Helles
8-9 Jan. Proved to be most successful in operation -
Anzacs land in France
Terrible fighting on Western front -
1st Anzac Commemoration
Large crowds attend church and public services -
United States joined Allied Powers
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Turkey surrenders
Ends Turkish involvement in WWI -
Germany surrenders
Ends fighting of WW1 -
War ends
Armistice signed by Germany. Formal agreement - offically ends the war -
Bean returned to Anzac Cove
Reported that the dead should remain buried where they fell
