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Missouri Compromise
-effort to preserve the balance of power in Congress
-between slave and free states
-Missouri Compromise was passed in 1820
-Missouri would become a slave state and Maine would be a free state
- Henry Clay Started the Missouri compromise
Importance
-To join the Union and balance between slave states and free states -
Monroe Doctrine
- a United States policy of opposing European colonialism
-efforts by European nations to take control of any independent state in North or South America Important -This was important for the United States as it was a relatively weak country and Britain was a superpower
- a United States policy of opposing European colonialism
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Battle of the Alamo
-a 13 day siege at a mission in San Antonio
-fought by Mexican forces of about 4000, under President General Santa Anna, against a handful of 180 American rebels
importance
-fighting for Texan independence from Mexico -
Panic of 1837
-financial crisis in the United States
-touched off a major recession that lasted until the mid-1840s
important
- Profits, prices, and wages went down while unemployment went up and it had to be resolved -
Trail of Tears
-The route along which the United States government forced several tribes of Native Americans to migrate to reservations west of the Mississippi River
-including the Cherokees, Seminoles, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Creeks
Importance
-Shows us how "Trail of Tears," showed devastating effects. The migrants faced hunger, disease, and exhaustion on the forced march
- Over 4,000 out of 15,000 of the Cherokees died -
Sutter's Fort
- Sutter's Fort was a 19th-century agricultural and trade colony in the Mexican Alta California province important
- association with the Donner Party, the California Gold Rush, and the formation of Sacramento
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Pre-Emption Act
-statute passed (1841) by the U.S. Congress
- response to the demands of the Western states
-Pioneers often settled on public lands before they could be surveyed and auctioned by the U.S. government
Importance
-squatters would be allowed to preempt lands -
Bear Flag Revolt
-a small group of American settlers in California rebelled against the Mexican government
Importance
-proclaimed California in an independent republic -
US - Mexican War
-A war fought between the United States and Mexico
- The United States won the war,
-encouraged by the feelings of many Americans that the country was accomplishing its manifest destiny of expansion.
important
- the United States received the Mexican Cession which included all of California, Nevada and Utah, and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming. With this huge land acquisition, the issue of slavery in the new territories was raised -
Fugitive Slave Law
- A law passed as part of the Compromise of 1850 -provided southern slaveholders with legal weapons to capture slaves who had escaped to the free states importance -helped to convert many previously indifferent northerners to antislavery.
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Compromise of 1850
-A set of laws, passed in the midst of fierce wrangling between groups favoring slavery and groups opposing it
-Compromise included the Fugitive Slave Act, which proved highly unpopular in the North
important
-The south gained by the strengthening of the fugitive slave law, the north gained a new free state, California
- Slave trade was prohibited in Washington DC -
Bleeding Kansas
-series of violent political confrontations in the United States involving anti-slavery "Free-Staters" and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian", or "southern" elements in Kansas
important
-allowed the territory of Kansas to decide whether it would be free territory or slave territory -
Gadsden Purchase
-The Gadsden Purchase is a 29,670-square-mile region of present-day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico that the United States purchased via a treaty signed on December 30, 1853
importance
-United States agreed to pay Mexico $10 million for a 29,670 square mile portion of Mexico -
Dred Scott Decision
-legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court
- resided in a free state and territory
-where slavery was prohibited
importance
shows how African Americans were not and could never be citizens of the United States -
Harper's Ferry
-was an effort by armed abolitionist John Brown to initiate an armed slave revolt in 1859 by taking over a United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia
Important
- attempt to start an armed slave revolt and destroy the institution of slavery -
Civil War 1860-1865
- fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. After a long standing controversy over slavery and state's rights
important
1860-1865 - fight for independence
- fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. After a long standing controversy over slavery and state's rights
important
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Emancipation Proclamation
- executive order issued on January 1, 1863, by President Lincoln -freeing slaves in all portions of the United States important
- frees all the slaves
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Gettsyburg
-was a Union victory that stopped Confederate General Robert E. Lee's second invasion of the North
-greatest battle of the Civil War, fought in south-central Pennsylvania
-It ended in a major victory for the North and is usually considered the turning point of the war
important
stopped and invation -
Gettysburg Address
-is a speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln at the November 19, 1863,
important
-dedication of Soldier's National Cemetery, a cemetery for Union soldiers killed at the Battle Of Gettysburg during the American Civil War. -
13th Amendment
-"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction
important
ended slavery -
14th Amendment
-The amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War
Important
to give equal protection for peoples rights -
15th Amendment
-prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
important
-giving citizens equality