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Elie Cartan developed the exterior derivative
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Period: to
History of Mathematics (1901-1955)
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Edmund Georg Hermann Landau gave a simpler proof of the prime number theorem.
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Ernst Zermelo axiomized set theory.
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Josip Plemelj published the simplified proof of Fermat's Last Theorem for exponent n = 5.
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Viggo Brun defined Brun's constant, B2 for twin primes.
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John von Neumann began devising the principles of game theory and proved the minimax theorem.
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Kurt Gödel proved his incompleteness theorem.
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G.C. Danielson and Cornelius Lanczos developed a Fast Fourier Transform algorithm.
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Kenneth Levenberg proposed a method for nonlinear least squares fitting.
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Saunders Mac Lane and Samuel Eilenberg started category theory.
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John von Neumann computed π to 2,037 decimal places using ENIAC.
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H. S. M. Coxeter et al. published the complete list of uniform polyhedron.