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First computer featured machine
Konrad Zuse was bored. A civil engineering student in Berlin, he hated his job’s tedious calculations. So, as an engineer in 1936, he began assembling metal plates, pins and discarded movie film into what became the Z1—the first of several mechanical computers. Working on his own, Zuse developed machines with many features of later computers. -
the first phone line computer
While working at Bell Labs, mathematician George Stibitz experimented with relays at home. He developed a circuit to add binary numbers, which led to a relay-based computer. This Complex Number Calculator, operational in 1940, was demonstrated remotely at a conference using a Teletype – the first computer accessed over a phone line. -
American's atomic bomb(Mark II, III, and IV versions)
Howard Aiken Howard Aiken realized that one way to reduce human error in calculations was to reduce human involvement. In 1937 he proposed an automated calculating machine. IBM and Harvard agreed to build it. Completed in 1944, Aiken’s “Harvard Mark I” calculator helped design America’s atomic bomb. More sophisticated Mark II, III, and IV versions followed. -
The Stored Program
Even early computers juggled computations with unprecedented speed, but only after a laborious process of setting up programs. This frustrating speed bump became obvious during construction of ENIAC. Nobody knows who came up with the breakthrough solution: storing in a computer’s memory the instructions that tell it what to do. It was the birth of software, used by every computer since. -
EDSAC
The Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC), developed at Britain’s Cambridge University, ran its first programs in 1949. It became the first stored-program computer in regular use, heralding the transition from test to tool. EDSAC mercury memory tank cover -
A New Speed Record
Impatient waiting for a commercial successor to ENIAC, the U.S. National Bureau of Standards opted in 1948 to create its own electronic computer. The SWAC (Standards Western Automatic Computer) became the world’s fastest computer when completed in 1950, a year before Princeton’s IAS machine. -
Pilot ACE
After his wartime triumphs in code-breaking, Alan Turing joined Britain’s National Physical Laboratory in 1945 to develop electronic computers. Turing created seven designs. Six remained, as intended, just experimental concepts. Design #5 was built in 1950 as Pilot ACE (Automatic Computing Engine), a precursor to the later full-scale ACE. -
JOHNNIAC
The RAND Corporation’s JOHNNIAC was based on the stored-program computer developed at Princeton’s IAS—and named for John von Neumann, godfather of the IAS project. Used for scientific and engineering calculations, the JOHNNIAC was completed in 1954, though it was repeatedly expanded and improved throughout its 13-year lifespan. -
ENIAC
The result was ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer), built between 1943 and 1945—the first large-scale computer to run at electronic speed without being slowed by any mechanical parts. For a decade, until a 1955 lightning strike, ENIAC may have run more calculations than all mankind had done up to that point. -
Higher Level Languages
Until the mid 1950s, programming digital computers meant creating instructions in the language of the machine itself—a slow, error-prone process. As computers grew more affordable, programming costs began to overshadow hardware costs.
The development of higher-level, more user-friendly programming languages made writing large programs easier. But the cost of creating software was—and is—still huge. -
LOGO
Alternatively referred to as turtle graphics, LOGO is pronounced as Low-go and is a high-level programming language known for its graphics capabilities, created by Seymour Papert in 1967. LOGO is often used for young school children as a basic method of programming instructions into a computer to create a graphic. Below, are the instructions used to create a square. -
Matlab--a mathematical programming language
Matlab is a numerical computing and visualization software package, as well as a fourth-generation programming language, published by MathWorks. It performs matrix manipulations, function plotting, algorithm implementation, and many high-level mathematical operations. Its companion package, Simulink, is used for graphical multi-domain simulation.Matlab was originally written in the late 1970s by Cleve Moler. -
The creation of ARPANET
For instance, Bob Taylor ran ARPA’s computing division during the creation of the ARPANET. He then moved to Xerox PARC and promptly hired dozens of the folks he had recently been funding in academia, industry, and consulting firms; including Bob Metcalfe of Ethernet fame. The result was the basis for the modern PC office, by 1973. -
Internet
History is written by the victors. Thus, what we call “the” Internet is quite simply the internetting standard that beat out its rivals. Who wrote it? Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn of ARPA, while drawing on heavy contributions from others in the internetting community mentioned above. They started thinking about it in 1973, and the first field trials came in 1976 and 1977. -
C++
C++ is a high-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs beginning in 1979. -
PHP--A programming language
Created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994 and publicly released June 8, 1995, PHP, which is short for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, is a server-side interpreted scripting language. It was designed for creating dynamic web pages and web pages that effectively work with databases. Below are two examples of how you'd print "Hello World" using PHP in a .php file. -
Java
Java is a programming language developed by James Gosling and others at Sun Microsystems. It was first introduced to the public in 1995 and is widely used to create Internet applications and other software programs. Today, Java is maintained and owned by Oracle. -
Julia
First released in 2012, Julia is a high-level programming language used in scientific computing. It can be utilized for statistics computations and data analysis, similar the R programming language.
