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Bismarck
Bismarck completes efforts to unify Prussia and the German kingdoms into a single nation and has King Wilhelm I proclaimed Kaiser. -
Bloody Massacre
"Bloody Sunday Massacre" by Tsarist troops in St. Petersburg left Russian workers dead and cost Nicholas support among the workers and farmers. -
Death
After his father's untimely death, 29 year-old Wilhelm II becomes ruler, Kaiser Wilhelm II, of Germany. -
France signs treaty
France forced to sign humiliating treaty with Germany that ends the 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War. -
Tsar Nicholas
Nicolas is crowned Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, a position he did not want. Germany and Russia do not renew a friendship treaty and begin their adversary relationship. -
Great Britain
Great Britain's Queen Victoria, whose bloodline runs through most of the ruling houses of Europe, dies. -
Russo
Russo-Japanese War results in disastrous defeat for Russia and major civil unrest at home -
British battleship
British launch first "dreadnought" class battleship. -
Franz Ferdinand
Archduke Franz Ferdinand heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and his wife are assassinated in Sarajevo. -
Full Mobilization
As an ally of Serbia, Russia announces full mobilization of her armed forces. -
Germany Mobilizes
Germany mobilizes her armed forces and declares war on Russia. -
War!
Germany declares war on France. -
Belgium
Germany declares war on neutral Belgium and invades in a right flanking move designed to defeat France quickly. As a result of this invasion, Britain declares war on Germany. -
Austria- Hungary
Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia. -
Frontier Battle
"The Battle of the Frontiers" -- 27,000 French soldiers die on this single day in an offensive thrust to the east of Paris, towards the German borders. -
Erich Ludendorff
German army, led by Erich Ludendorff and Paul von Hindenburg achieves its greatest victory of the war on the Eastern front against Russia at the Battle of Tennenberg. -
First Battle
First Battle of the Marne halts German invasion in France -
Trenches
First trenches of the Western front are dug. -
Christmas Truce
Unofficial Christmas Truce declared by soldiers in the trenches along the Western Front. -
Declares War
Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.