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Benito Mussolini forms Fascist Party
forms Fascist party -
National Socialist's German Workers' Party (Nazi) is formed
It's name was changed by Hitler. He joined after WWI and afterwards gained control of it. This party was rebellious against the government and criticized many people, political progams and ideas. They and their leader, Hitler, were anti-semitic. -
The Great Migration
Many African Americans began to move north in hopes of a better life and as an escape of racial prejudice. Some found better pay, a growing political voice, an African American middle and upper class, and education. Yet, others found the same opression, racism, poverty, and a lack of education. -
Mussolini becomes dictator of Italy
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Joseph Stalin becomes dictator of Russia
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
The goal was "to outlaw war as an instrument of national policy", so the U.S. agreed with other nations to renounce war as a means of settling international disputes. -
The Great Terror began
Stalin purged the Communist party of real or suspected traitors, ordering the deaths or imprisonments of up to one million people. -
Third Reich
This was Nazi Germany's name during Hitler's dictatorship. It was a totalitarian state. -
Adolf Hitler becomes president and chancellor of Germany
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Mussolini takes over Ethiopia
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Hitler becomes dictator over Germany
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Hitler takes over the Saar region of France
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Neutrality Acts
The Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and1937 imposed restrictions on Americans during times of war. For example, they couldn't sail on ships owned by belligerents or nations at war. Also, Americans couldn't make loans to belligerents or sell them arms and munitions. The acts did not distinguish between aggressors and victims, or their allies. -
Quarantine Speech
President Roosevelt's speech, stating that the U.S. would keep out of war and stay neutral because of the threat Japan posed to the United States. -
Munich Pact
Hitler agreed to not take any more countries. This was a lie, and a it merely preserved peace for eleven months. -
Non-Agression Pact
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Non-Agression Pact
Germany signed a pact with the Soviets. They promised not to attack each other and secretely planned to invade and divide Poland. -
Blitzkrieg
The term means "lightning war." The latest technology was used to attack. Poland's air force was destroyed. In a month, Poland fell into the hands of Germany and the Soviet Union. -
Neutrality Act of 1939
This Act included a cash-and-carry provision. this provision allowed belligerent nations to buy goods and arms in the U.S. if they paid cash and carried the merchandise on their own ships. Since the British navy controlled the seas, this aided the Allies. -
Winston Churchill
He was the new prime minister of Britain. He cautioned Parliament by stating that "wars are not won by evacuations." -
Battle of Britain
This was an air battle. The British lost 1,000 planes and the Germans lost 1, 700 planes. Since Hitler knew they were going to lose, he postponed the invasion of Britain indefinitely. -
Selective Service Act
This was only a peacetime draft. It provided 1.2 million troops and 800,000 reserve troops each year for training. -
Roosevelt's Four Freedoms
FDR spoke before congress and spoke about the "four freedoms"-freedom of speech, worsip, want, and freedom from fear. He said these were threatened by Nazi and Japanese militarism. He believed the U.S. needed to aid Britain. -
Lend-Lease Act
Congress passed this document which authorized Roosevelt to "sell, transfer title to, exchange, lease, lend, or otherwise dispose of, to any such government any defense article" whenever he thought it was "necessary in the interests of the defense of the United States." By 1945, the U.S. had sent more than $40 billion of Lend-Lease aid to the Allies, including the Soviet Union. -
The Bombing of Pearl Harbor
Japan's navy sailed for Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, where the U.S.'s Navy's main Pacific base was at. They used aircraft carriers, airplanes, battleships and cruisers, and submarines. As a result, many lives, ships, destroyers, light cruisers,and aircrafts were lost or damaged. -
General Douglas MacArthur
Douglas MacArthur was commander of the United States' army forces in Asia. He struggled to hold the U.S. positions in the Philippines with little support. On December 22, Japan him and his troops. He positioned hsi forces to repel the Japanese invasion, but badly miscalculated the strength of the enemy and was forced to retreat. MacArthur was ordered to evacuate to Australia, but the other Americans stayed behind. -
War Productions Board (WPB)
The government set the WPB up to oversee the conversion of peacetime industry to war industry. -
Bataan Death March
in May 1942, 75, 000 Allied soldiers surrendered. Then, the Japanese troops forced the sick and malnourished American troops that had survived to march 55 miles up the Bataan Peninsula and then 8 miles more afterward. More than 7, 000 American and Filipino troops died during the march, that came to be known as the Bataan Death March. -
Japanese Internment
After the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the Japanese were put in internment camps in the U.S. because Americans feared that they were involved with terrorists, and would cause another attack. They suffered much racial prejudice, and amongst other things, they were called, "Japs." This began in 1942 and through the end of the war. -
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Rationing
During the Second World War, you couldn't just walk into a shop and buy as much sugar or butter or meat as you wanted, nor could you fill up your car with gasoline whenever you liked. All these things were rationed, which meant you were only allowed to buy a small amount (even if you could afford more). The government introduced rationing because certain things were in short supply during the war, and rationing was the only way to make sure everyone got their fair share. -
War Bonds
These helped raise funds for the war. The government reminded Americans that every dollar spent on war bonds meant another bullet or bomb and another step closer to victory. -
Women's Army Corps (WAC)
In 1941, Congresswoman Edith Nourse Rogers introduced a bill to establish a Women's Army Auxiliary Corps which became WAC in 1943, to provide clerical workers, truck drivers, instructors, and lab technicians for the U.S. Army. Many women volunteered. -
Korematsu v. United States
When the Japanese were taken to internment camps, Fred Korematsu resisted to be arrested because he argued that he was denied equal protection under the law simply because he was a Japanese American. The Court held that the military order was justified for security reasons.
