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Yalta Conference
-Meeting of the Big Three (Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Franklin D. Roosevelt)
-Discussed the division of Germany and how to deal with other deafeted countries in Europe
-Started the Cold War -
Truman Doctrine
-U.S.A. would provide military and economic aid to countries threatened by Communism -
Marshall Plan
-U.S. economic recovery from war torn Europe
-Distributed about $13 billion worth of economic aid
-European countries experienced on average 20% growth -
Berlin Blockade
-Soviets block entrances to Berlin
-Cut off allied supplies to West Berlin
-Blockade failed
-Lead to the building of the Berlin Wall -
Berlin Airlift
-U.S. and British airplanes fly supplies into West Berlin -
Arms Race
-Competition in building nuclear weapons
-U.S.S.R. exploded their 1st atomic bomb
-Soviet Union was spending around 27% of its total gross national product on the military
-Crippling to their economy and helped to bring an end to the Cold War. -
Korean War
-Conflict Between N. Korea and S. Korea
-2.5 million people died
-38th parallel was the countries divided line -
Joseph Stalin Dies
-Helped end Nazism
-Used terror, purges, and excecutions as a way to gain power
-Responsible for the death of 20 million people
-Replaced by Khrushchev -
Nikita Khrushchev Comes to Power
-Soviet leader after Stalin's Death
-Removed harsh policies of Stalin's Government
-Set a new policy to "Reform Communism"
-Attempted to base Soviet missiles in Cuba -
Vietnam War
-Vietnam was divided into 2 (North and South)
-N. Vietnam invaded S. Vietnam
-U.S.A. helped aid S. Vietnam, Pres. Kennedy ordered American troops to Vietnam
-Domino Theory
Pres. Nixon and N. Vietnam made an agreement and withdrew U.S.A. forces -
Space Race
-1st satellite launched into space and orbit earth
-Yuri Gagarin became first man to travel in space
-Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin became the first men to walk on the moon -
U-2 Incident
-American spy plane shot down by U.S.S.R.
-Raised tensions between the U.S. and the Soviets -
Bay of Pigs Invasion
-Cuban exiles would invade Cuba and lead revolt against Fidel Castro
-Invasion failed -
Berlin Wall
-Lasted until November 9, 1989
-One of the most powerful and enduring symbols of the cold war
-Stopped refugees from traveling from East Germany to West Germany
-171 people killed while trying to get over or around the wall
-12 feet tall and 4 feet wide concrete wall w/ a "Death Strip" behind it. -
Cuban Missle Crisis
-U.S.S.R. placed nuclear missiles in Cuba
-U.S.A. and U.S.S.R. brink of nuclear war
-Khrushchev agreed to turn the ships around
-President JFK agreed not to invade Cuba -
Soviet Invation of Afghanistan
-The Soviet Union intervened in support of the Afghan communist government in its conflict with anticommunist Muslim guerrillas -
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty
-Treaty between U.S.A. and the Soviet Union on the elimination of their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range missiles
-Most missiles were destroyed either by exploding them while they were unarmed or by cutting the missiles in half and severing their wings and tail sections -
Mikhail Gorbachev Comes to Power
-Fall of the Berlin Wall
-Made an effort to democratize his country’s political system and decentralize its economy
-Led to the downfall of communism
-Breakup of the Soviet Union
-Awarded the Noble Peace Prize -
German Reunification
-Less than a year after the fall of the Berlin Wall, East and West Germany came together
-Two months after the reunification, German elections took place and Helmut Kohl became the first chancellor of the reunified Germany -
U.S.S.R. Breakup
-U.S.S.R. broken up into 15 separate republics
-End to the Cold War
