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Russian Communist revolution
In 1917, two revolutions completely changed the fabric of Russia. First, the February Russian Revolution toppled the Russian monarchy and established a Provisional Government. Then in October, a second Russian Revolution placed the Bolsheviks as the leaders of Russia, resulting in the creation of the world's first communist country.
Cold War Application: Russia's communism began here and led to the communism that stirred up and began the Cold War. -
Treaty of Versailles
This treaty blamed Germany and made them pay for all damage and repercussions making them susceptible to communism and setting them up for Hitler.
Cold War Application: This event led to Cold war events like the Berlin Wall that were caused by the spread of communism and the fight against it. -
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organisation founded on 10 January 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War.After a number of notable successes and some early failures in the 1920s, the League ultimately proved incapable of preventing aggression by the Axis powers in the 1930s.
Cold War Application: This League was intneded to keep the peace and stop the spread of communism. -
Yalta Conference
At Yalta, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin made important decisions regarding the future progress of the war and the postwar world.
Cold War Application: This caused the decision to divide Germany among the powers and set the SU up for take over. -
United Nations Formed
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization established 24 October 1945, to promote international co-operation. A replacement for the ineffective League of Nations, the organization was created following the Second World War to prevent another such conflict.
Cold War Application: The UN was once again invented to keep the peace and help control the Cold War situations that were spiraling out of control. -
General Assembly
The General Assembly, comprised of all 193 Members of the United Nations, provides a unique forum for multilateral discussion of the full spectrum of international issues covered by the Charter.
Cold War Application: A discussion of the events and reprocussions that would lead to the war's inflation. -
Iron Curtain speech
A speech against communism. First use of “Iron Curtain”
Against what the Soviets were doing by separating Europe.
Cold War Application: This speech was about the territories that communism was taking over due to Soviet support. It was meant to be against the spread of communism. -
Baruch Plan
The Baruch Plan was a proposal by the United States government, written largely by Bernard Baruch but based on the Acheson–Lilienthal Report, to the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission (UNAEC) in its first meeting in June 1946. The United States, Great Britain and Canada called for an international organization to regulate atomic energy and President Truman responded.
Cold War Application: This plan was meant to slow down the rapid production of nuclear weapons. -
Nuremberg trials
The judgment of participants in the Nazi party.
This was a punishment for the people who supported the dictatorship, communism, and genocide.
Cold War Application: This was pumishment for participating in communism. -
Truman Doctrine
Contain and confront communism whenever a nation is influenced by it. Provided financial and military aid, preferably financial.
Cold War Application: This was an attempt/strategy to win the Cold War. -
Marshall Plan
The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was the American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave $17 billion in economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II.
Cold War Application:This plan was iniated to stop the spread of communism. -
Berlin Airlift
n response to the Soviet blockade of land routes into West Berlin, the United States begins a massive airlift of food, water, and medicine to the citizens of the besieged city. For nearly a year, supplies from American planes sustained the over 2 million people in West Berlin
Cold War Application: This project lifted supplies to the people traped with in Berlin. SU was trying to impress communism but failed due to the US's airlift. -
NATO Created
The North Atlantic Alliance is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 ApriL 1949. The organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party.
Cold War Application: This was an attempt to unify nations. -
Chinese Communist Revolution
The events that culminated in the overthrow of the Nationalist regime and the establishment of the People's Republic of China by the Chinese Communist Party in 1949.
Cold War Application: China became communist and added to the communist side of the war. -
Joseph McCarthy Speech
Senator McCarthy made his famous anti-Communist speech on February 9, 1950, at a celebration of the anniversary of Abraham Lincoln's birth. His first paragraph marks the occasion by expressing a wish that this could be a peaceful, disarmed world of the kind Lincoln had desired.
Cold War Application: This speech was strictly anti-communist. -
Korean war
The Korean War began when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People’s Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south. This invasion was the first military action of the Cold War
Cold War Application: Was a battle of Communism vs Democracy with the SU and US supporting either side. -
Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Pact was a collective defense treaty among eight communist states of Central and Eastern Europe in existence during the Cold War.
Cold War Application: Gave the SU control over the countries that signed. -
Sputnik Launched
Sputnik was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was a 58 cm diameter polished metal sphere, with four external radio antennas to broadcast radio pulses
Cold War Application: Soviet's take lead in Space Race -
Bay of Pigs Invasion
The Bay of Pigs invasion begins when a CIA-financed and -trained group of Cuban refugees lands in Cuba and attempts to topple the communist government of Fidel Castro. The attack was an utter failure.
Cold War Application: A failed mission to overthrow communism in Cuba. -
Building of The Berlin Wall
The Berlin Wall was a barrier that divided Berlin from 1961 to 1989, constructed by the German Democratic Republic starting on 13 August 1961, that completely cut off (by land) West Berlin from surrounding East Germany and from East Berlin until it was opened in November 1989
Cold War Application: Built by Soviets made to keep in people and pressure Germany into communism. -
Fidel Castro Proclaims Communist Cuba
December 2, Castro declared, "I am a Marxist-Leninist and shall be one until the end of my life." He went on to state that, "Marxism or scientific socialism has become the revolutionary movement of the working class." He also noted that communism would be the dominant force in Cuban politics.
Application to Cold War: US lost a trading and manufacturing place AND another nation fell to Communism and SU support. -
MAD
Mutually Assured destruction.
Application to Cold War: Realization that Nuclear war would destory both side. -
Cuban Missle Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a 13-day confrontation in October 1962 between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba.
Cold War Application: This is when the tension between the SU and US was at its peak. US struggled for a way to avoid nuclear war. -
Nuclear Deterrent
During the Cold War, the United States and the Soviet Union each built a stockpile of nuclear weapons. The United States adopted nuclear deterrence, the credible threat of retaliation to forestall enemy attack.
Application to Cold War: basis of strategic deterrence:
1.long-range manned aircraft carrying nuclear bombs
2. land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads, and
3.nuclear-powered submarines armed with nuclear ballistic missiles. -
J.F.K Visits the Berlin Wall
U.S. President John F. Kennedy visited West-Berlin. Speaking from a platform erected on the steps of Rathaus Schöneberg for an audience of 450,000 he declared in his Ich bin ein Berliner speech the support of the United States for West Germany and the people of West-Berlin in particular
Cold War Application: Speech gave hope to the end of Communism in Germany. -
U.S.send troops to Vietnam
In response to the Gulf of Tonkin Incident of August 2 and 4, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson, per the authority given to him by Congress in the subsequent Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, decided to escalate the Vietnam Conflict by sending U.S. ground troops to Vietnam
Cold War Application: An attempt to help resist communism. -
Apollo 11
Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first humans on the Moon, Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, on July 20, 1969. Armstrong became the first to step onto the lunar surface.
Cold War Application: America takes the lead and turns around spac race by landing a man on the moon. -
Non-Proliferation Agreement
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament.
Cold War Application: to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. -
Kent State Shootings
Students participate in an anti war revolt on campus. Authorities were called, didn’t shoot to kill but deaths occurred unfortunately.
Cold War Application: A rally of students trying to prevent war. -
Salt I
Treaty that froze the Soviet's newly gained numerical advantage in ICBM and SLBM launchers.
Cold War Application: An attmpt to slow nuclear production. -
Fall Of Saigon
Took over Saigon with little resistance, and it was quickly renamed Ho Chi Minh City in honor of their revolutionary leader, Ho Chi Minh, who had died several years before.
Cold War Application: They made it Communist. -
Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II was born Karol Józef Wojtyla on May 18, 1920, in Wadowice, Poland. He was ordained in 1946, became the bishop of Ombi in 1958, and became the archbishop of Krakow in 1964. He was made a cardinal by Pope Paul VI in 1967, and in 1978 became the first non-Italian pope in more than 400 years.
Application to Cold War: Against Communism -
Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping; 22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997 was a Chinese revolutionary and statesman. He was the leader of China from 1978 until his retirement in 1992.
Application: China's Communist Leader -
Salt II
Cold War Application: Stopped/slowed Nuclear Capability. -
Margaret Thatcher
Was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and the Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990.
Application: Against Communism helped with its fall. -
Soviets invade Afghanistan
Soviets sent thousands of troops into Afghanistan taking complete Political and Military control throughout the nation.
Cold War Application: This was an example of the SU trying to spread communism. -
Fall of the Berlin wall
The fall of the Berlin Wall happened nearly as suddenly as its rise. There had been signs that the Communist bloc was weakening, but the East German Communist leaders insisted that East Germany just needed a moderate change rather than a drastic revolution. East German citizens did not agree.
Cold War Application: Soviets surrendered their wall letting the US win this large victory and shaming them. -
Lech Walesa
Anti-communist crusader and former president of Poland: Lech Walesa.
Application to Cold War: Against Communism -
START I
Established an aggregate limit of 1,600 delivery vehicles and 6,000 warheads for each party.
Application to Cold War: Limited both US and SU production of nuclear weaponary. -
START II
Eliminate heavy intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMS) and all other multiple-warhead (MIRVed) ICBMS. It will also reduce the total number of strategic nuclear weapons deployed by both countries, by two-thirds below pre-START levels.
Application to Cold War: Disposal of nuclear weaponary.
