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Period: 1400 to
The Renaissance
The Renaissance was an artistic movement that started in Italy and spread to northern Europe. -
Period: 1400 to
European Exploration
During this time period, many European countries conquered and colonized a lot of different countries. -
1420
Prince Henry of Portugal
Started sponsoring voyages and helped kick off European exploration -
1440
Johannes Gutenberg
Invented the movable printing press which helped get the Renaissance started. -
Aug 3, 1492
Christopher Columbus
Left Spain to go discover the "New World" -
1497
Vasco da gama
Made his first trip to India and found a water route there -
1503
Leonardo da Vinci
Created the Mona Lisa -
1504
Michelangelo
Finished creating the statue of King David -
1509
Desiderius Erasmus
Wrote “The Praise of Folly” -
1512
Michelangelo
Finished painting the Sistine Chapel -
Period: 1517 to
The Reformation
The Reformation was a political, cultural, intellectual, but mostly a religious movement throughout Europe that changed Christianity to make it the way it is now. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther
Put his 95 theses, against things the Catholic church was doing, on the church door. -
1519
Hernan Cortez
Invaded Mexico and seized the Aztec's ruler along with their belongings. -
Sep 20, 1519
Ferdinand Magellan
Left his country to go circumnavigate the world -
Nov 16, 1532
Francisco Pizarro
Trapped the Inca's emperor and discovered what would now be the country of Peru -
1534
King Henry VIII
Established the Church of England and declared himself the head of it. -
1534
Jacques Cartier
Discovered what would now be Quebec, Canada -
Aug 15, 1534
St. Ignatius de Loyola
Established the Society of Jesus -
1536
John Calvin
Wrote "Institutes of the Christian Religion" which influenced the Switzerland Reformation. -
1543
Nicolas Copernicus
Discover and developed the heliocentric theory and published it in his book. -
Period: 1543 to
The Scientific Revolution
A time period where mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry changed how people viewed societies and nature. -
Period: 1550 to
Age of Absolutism
A time period in European history where monarchs successfully gathered the wealth and power of the state to themselves and were not really influenced by the people. -
1558
Elizabeth I
Became the Queen of England -
Dec 13, 1577
Francis Drake
Left England to become the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe -
William Shakespeare
Wrote "Romeo and Juliet" -
William Shakespeare
Wrote "Hamlet" -
Miguel de Cervantes
Published "Don Quixote" which was the first book of its kind -
Johannes Kepler
Developed laws of planetary motion and published his first two -
Galileo Galilei
Wrote a letter about discovering three of Jupiter's moons, becoming the first person to realize Jupiter had moons. -
William Harvey
Studied the vascular system and announced his discovery of the circulation of blood within the body -
Period: to
The 30 Years' War
This war took place during the Reformation; it was fought between the Catholics and Protestants of many different national armies. -
Johannes Kepler
Published his third law of planetary motion -
Period: to
English Civil War
This was a conflict between parliament (led by Oliver Cromwell) and Charles I that ended with the execution of Charles I. -
Charles I
Was executed because he lost the English Civil War and parliament did not want a monarchy anymore -
Thomas Hobbes
Wrote "Leviathan" which explained his political philosophy, such as how he thought the best type of government was an absolute monarchy -
Oliver Cromwell
Became England's Lord Protector (which means he was England's leader that was not a monarch) after Charles I was killed -
Charles II
After being exiled, he became king and restored the monarchy: starting what is known as the Restoration period -
Isaac Newton
Developed/Invented the laws of gravity -
Louis XIV
Moved the royal court to his expensive palace of Versailles -
Period: to
The Enlightenment
This was a time period where European politics, science, philosophy, and communications were majorly altered. -
Period: to
The Glorious Revolution
This event was the overthrowing of King James II, which allowed William and Mary to become the rulers of England. -
William and Mary
became joint monarchs which led to an event known as the "Glorious Revolution" -
John Locke
Wrote Two Treatises of Government which strongly influenced the American founding fathers -
Peter the Great
Became czar of Russia and helped improve the military and country by westernizing them -
Baron de Montesquieu
Wrote "The Spirit of Laws" which majorly contributed to political theory -
Voltaire
Was and Enlightenment thinker who wrote "Candide" which caused a lot of controversy -
Frederick the Great
Helped conduct the first partition of Poland and made Prussia stronger by gaining them land -
Period: to
The French Revolution
A period of time in France filled with social and political upheaval in France. -
The Storming of the Bastille
Revolutionaries decided to storm the Bastille, which was a prison in France that held a lot of political prisoners, starting the French Revolution. -
Louis XVI
Was the King of France at the start of the French Revolution, until he was executed, starting The Reign of Terror -
The Reign of Terror
A time period during the French Revolution where Robespierre executed anyone who he considered an enemy of France, it ended with his execution. -
Napoleon Bonaparte
Was exiled from France for the second time after being their powerful, and mostly successful military leader for many years -
The Battle of Waterloo
This was Napoleon Bonaparte's final battle, during which he was defeated. -
Eugene Delacroix
Painted "Liberty Leading the People" which commemorated the July Revolution of that year
