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522
Cambyses
Cyrus' son; don't follow his dad wise example; destroy Egyptian culture after conquered; ruled for 8 years -
550
Darius
fought in Greek War; protect Cambyses; king's body guard; expand empire by 500 miles -
Aug 18, 604
Nebuchadnezzar II
great builder; foudning father; defeat Egyptain at Carchemish; rebuild Sumerian towns; led Bablonians against Assyrian as crown prince -
May 10, 750
Rome
River Tiber; united under 18; monarchy -
May 10, 1261
Byzantine Empire
the predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the eastern Roman Empire during the Middle Ages. -
May 10, 1337
The Hundred Years War
conflicts from 1337 to 1453; pitted the Kingdom of England against the Valois Capetians for control of the French throne. -
May 10, 1490
High Renaissance
the period denoting the apogee of the visual arts in the Italian Renaissance. The High Renaissance period is traditionally taken to begin in the 1490. -
May 10, 1517
Protestant Reformation
the schism within Western Christianity began by Martin Luther, John Calvin, and other early Protestants. -
Reverend Charles Chauncy
battle for conservative -
John Locke
Influential American society; reasonable, selfish, have natural rights. The purpose of him was to protects natural rights. He believed in republic, should have representatives protect life, liberty, and property. -
Navigation Act
It lead to American Revolution. Americans can only trade with England. Adam Smith promoted the idea of Laissez-Faire Economy, and the law of supply and demand -
Montesquieu
believed Britain was the best-governed and most political balanced country of his own way. He proposed the separation of power, 3 branches: legislative, judicial, and executive -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Believed that men are born good, but become corrupted; direct democracy; everyone is involved in government; absolute democracy (direct democracy) -
Voltaire
sense of humor; believed in reason, freedom of speech, tolerance, religious of speech; believed that people should not have only one prayer -
The Enlightenment
Starts to question everything (Much in the middle class)
based on the belief you have to test science
everythning shoudl be able to test through science, logic, and philosophers -
Jonathan Edwards
Great spokesman for New Lights -
Act of Union
Abolished Scottish Parliament; Scottish members in Great Britian parliament; recognize Hanoverian Succession -
Navigation Act
American only trade with England -
George Whitefield
1st one who turn back to the religion -
The Great Awakening
The idea of returning to God, religion. The first creation of the Great Awakening is George Whitefield. -
The War of Austrian Succession
Maria Theresa proved to be smart; allied with Britian for money; made deal with Hungarian Magyars -
Toussaint LOuveture
launched a revolution in French; Napoleon in war, give money to them and fight alone -
French Indian War
it is also called Seven Years War. It take over French colonial possessions in America and India. -
Stamp Act
key point that led to American Revolutionary War; the stamps are came from England. In addition, the Americans can only buy or sell things with England. -
Boston Tea Party
The Americans dress up as Indians, and dumped all of the teas into the ocean. -
Quebec Act
an act of the Parliament of Great Britain -
American Revolution War
the American War of Independence (Revolutionary War) was the successful against Great Britain of Thirteen American Colonies which joined together as the United States of America -
Treaty of Paris
official unconditional independence to the former colonies -
Directory
it held the executive power in France. Thermidorean Reaction, the removal from power. -
Consittutional Convention
male voting rights -
each state allow 1 vote
voting was conducted by estate; 1st and 2nd estate can block to stop the 3rd estate to make its own way -
National Assembly
create Tennis Court Oath; make new constitution
It maintain the true principles of monarchy -
The Bastille
revolutionaries invaded to France, and found weapons and gunpowder. people realized that it contained a large armory, so they stormed the Bastille -
Food Crisis
King Louis XVI forced to take responsibilities on Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. The next day, however, he and his family were taken to the prison that located in Paris, named, Tuileries. -
Constitution of 1791
The Declaration of the Rights of Men became the preamble of the constitution: Freedom of religion, speech, press; guarantee property rights; liberty, equality, fraternity; rights of the people to create law; right to a fair trial -
Legislative Assembly
focus mainly on political debate and revolutionary law-making. There are two opposing grousp, bourgeoisie and democratic faction (Jacobin) -
National Convention
The original members of the National Convention include, Maximillen Robespierre, Jean-Paul Marat, Georges Danton. The executive power is exercised by the Committee of Public Safety. -
Reign of Terror
Danton and jacobin came to dominate French politics; sign Committee of Public Safety; 16,000 people killed/ year -
End Reign of Terror
executed Danton by committee Public Safety which the leader is Maximillen Robespierre; he continued the execution; Jacobins was kiled by his own people. -
Mary Wollstonecraft
Believed that women should be able to study professions as men. She is a famous women for liberation, and she created the rights of women -
Napolean in Charge of French
End of French Revolution by gaining popularity. French launched through a Coup d’état (overthrowing over government) -
Napoleon War
extend his broad to Africa and England; Spain and Portugal fight against France. -
Revolution of 1820
a revolutionary wave in Europe; included in Spain, Portugal, Russia, and Italy for constitutional monarchies -
Greek War of Independence
internal struggle can't maintain their border; Britain, France, Russia want to destroy empires -
Belgium Independence
conflict led to the secession of southern provinces from United Kingdom of the Netherlands; established independent Kingdom of Belgium. -
Polish Nationalism
Capital of Poland want to gain power; control by Washington, give them rights. -
Revolution of 1830
France leading to a constitutional monarchy lasting until the revolutions of 1848 -
Renaissance
more than just art; complete changing of ideas; lead into scientific revolution -
Babylonian
Babylon is in Iraq; was cursed to be destroy and never rebuild -
John Calvin
protestant reformer; believed in pre-destination -
Martin Luther
upset on Catholic Church; indulgence: people can buy their way, not heaven nor devil; he believed in answering God -
Caudillos
left men countries in the control of Caudillos; they were the military control; send themselves as the leader of their own rights -
Justinian Code
also known as Corpus Juris Civilis; famous for his nose and code; include Roman laws; took some local law; combine together. -
Xerxes
tolerate people; very picky; if live outside of Greece, can't do what you want