-
510 BCE
The Classical Period
began in art, music, and architecture (Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were composers) -
1215
The Magna Carta
Was signed establishing the foundations of English rights -
1543
Nicolaus Copernicus
Developed the heliocentric theory -
The Baroque Period
began in art, music, and architecture (Bach and Handel were composers) -
Johannes Kepler
Discovered planetary motion -
The Novel
Became a new form of literature (Miguel Cervantes wrote Don Quixote) -
William Harvey
Showed that the heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body -
Galileo
Used the telescope to support the proof of the heliocentric theory -
The English Civil War
Began between the Roundheads (supporters of Parliament) and the Cavilers (supporters of the King) -
Louis XIV
Became the king of France -
Charles I of England
Was beheaded -
Oliver Cromwell
Began his rule of England as the Lord Protector -
The Restoration of Charles II
The monarchy was put back in control in England -
The Palace of Versailles
Was built under the reign of Louis XIV -
Thomas Hobbes
Published leviathan- social contract (people give up rights to a strong ruler who maintains order) -
James II
became the King of England -
The Age of Reason
(the Enlightenment) began -
Issac Newton
Published his law of gravity -
William and Mary
became the leaders of England (this is referred to as the Glorious Revolution) -
The English Bill of Rights
Was passed laying out specific rights of Parliament and putting limits on royal power -
John Locke
Published Two Treatises on Government- it was his theory of "natural rights" (life, liberty, and property) -
Francois Marie Arouet
Changed his name to Voltaire and goes to champion individual freedoms -
The Westernization of Russia
Was started by Peter the Great -
St. Peterburg
Became the capital of Russia under Peter the Great -
Montesquieu
Published On the Spirit of Laws- detailing separation of powers in government -
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Wrote The Social Contract- free individuals create a society and government -
The American Revolution
Began which was heavily influenced by the Age of Enlightenment -
Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the Declaration of Independence -
The Constitution
Was ratified on the United States -
The Bill of Rights
(first 10 amendments) was added to the Constitution of the United States -
The French Revolution
Began having been influenced by the Enlightenment and the American Revolution -
The Storming of the Bastille
was the symbolic start of the French Revolution -
Marie Antoinette was executed
at the guillotine -
The Reign of Terror
marked a period of mass executions during the French Revolution -
Louis XVI was executed
at the guillotine -
Edward Jenner
Introduced a vaccine to prevent small pox -
Napoleon Bonaparte
Seized power in France in a coup d'etat -
Eugene Delacroix
began the transition of art to the Romantic School -
Peter I
Became the czar of Russia -
All weather roads
were created to improve year round transport to trade
