WHAP Review

By Arthur_C
  • Period: 250 to

    Mayan Civilization

    Circa 250 to 1697 C.E
    Located in Central America, on the Yucatan Peninsula.
    Never fully unified, more a web of smaller city states.
    Most known for advancement in mathematics and architecture, Pyramids, the concept of Zero and the Mayan Calendar system being prime examples, also Astronomy and a Hieroglyph system.
    Declined due to famine caused by abnormally long drought, or warfare between local groups.
  • Period: 330 to 1453

    Byzantine Empire

    Circa 330 to 1453 C.E
    Located in Eastern Mediterranean area, modern day Turkey and Greece and Bulgaria.
    The Byzantine is known as the continuation of Rome after the west fell in 476 C.E. Most known for combining Greek and Christian ideas/philosophy, the Eastern Orthodoxy, also advancements in Tech and Medicine, Architecture like Domed buildings and fortified walls.
    Declined due to Muslim empires growing and the empire slowly losing ground over decades, Ottoman Invasion, Civil War/lack of unity.
  • Period: 1200 to 1530

    Incan Empire

    Circa 1200 to 1530 C.E
    Located in South America, modern day Peru.
    The largest empire in the Americas, it was known for high social stratification (classes, Emperor was absolute), but also advanced irrigation, a large road network, and religion, also Quipu system.
    Declined due to arrival of Europeans, civil war, and lack of technology + natural disease immunity, plus the capture of their emperor Atahuallpa.
  • Period: 1206 to 1368

    Mongol Empire

    Circa 1206 to 1368 C.E
    Located in large swathes over Asia, from China to central Steppes, and the Middle East.
    Known for very good merit based organization and integrating any foreign conquest, also the messenger system, strong nomadic tradition and military, horse archers, yurts, being seperate tribes all under one "Khan"
    Declined due to fracturing after Genghis Khan's death, outbreak of disease spreading through trade routes,
  • Period: 1220 to 1450

    Kingdom of Zimbabwe

    Circa 1220 to 1450 C.E
    Located on Eastern side of Africa.
    Known as a trading empire (not as big as Mali), controlled Eastern African trade as both a religious and economic center, had good relation with Arabic/Islamic merchants, had network from African interior to coast.
    Declined due to starvation and overpopulation, unfair foreign trade practices, and the abandonment of the city of Great Zimbabwe.
  • Period: 1226 to

    Empire of Mali

    Circa 1226 to 1670 C.E
    Located on western coast of Africa.
    Most known for its dominance of local trade, it controlled the Sahara Desert and had a interconnected network of caravans/traders. Under the leadership of Mansa Musa, it spread Islam in West Africa, also came to be the wealthiest empire on the continent with gold and salt and ivory being the prime exports.
    Declined due to internal rebellion/civil war, death of Apex leader Mansa Musa, and collapse of trade network.
  • Period: 1501 to

    Safavid Empire

    Circa 1501 to 1736 C.E
    Located in Middle East, Persia, in modern day Iran.
    One of the 3 Gunpowder Muslim Empires, best known for producing Islamic Art like textiles and Architecture, also making Shi'ism dominant in Persia and also Cannons/Artillery.
    Declined due to foreign power growing (Europeans) and invasion (Afghans), also economic damage from famine/drought.
  • Period: 1526 to

    Mughal Empire

    Circa 1526 to 1761 C.E
    Located on India subcontinent, on the interior, not going all the way to the tip of the peninsula though.
    Known for being connected with foreign trade/outside world, used its exotic goods like spices and crafts to boost wealth, peaked at covering almost the whole subcontinent, was organized with hierarchy, encouraged art like Taj Mahal and palaces.
    Declined due to religious intolerance leading to civil strife, and encroachment of the British, led to the British Raj.
  • Period: to

    Dutch colonial empire

    Circa 1595 to 1975 C.E
    Located in various places worldwide, SE Asia, Cape/Tip of Africa also in the Americas.
    Dutch were known as the one of , if not THE earliest empire builder in Europe, had strong shipping and trading industry with tea and spices being the main commodity. also made use of slave labor, but colonies were limited in size.
    Declined due to conflicting with locals, lack of new colonists joining, war with England and France, and protests over the Dutch East India company practices.
  • Period: to

    Qing Dynasty

    Circa 1644 to 1912 C.E
    Located in East Asia, modern day China.
    The last imperial Dynasty in China, it was known for early prosperity, fine arts being encouraged like painting and othr handicraft, also tolerated Roman Catholic Missionaries.
    Declined due to foreign powers establishing spheres of influence like Hong Kong, Poverty + Revolution of lower class, and Child emperors too.