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Immigration and the American Dream
Many people moved to America in order to start a new life. The " American Dream" can be defined as the want for better opportunities like better jobs and homes. The american dream is to be, with draws immigrants to the US. -
Industrialization
Industrialization is the construction of industries within a region. In the US it was the transition to the use of new manufacturing processes. It started in the 18th century and continued thought the 19th century. Mainly in the 1800a for the US. -
Urbanization
Urbanization is the process of making an area urban. Before Westward expansion the United States was mainly rural. Only a few cities like New York were density populated. Urban areas started to grow more rapidly in 1830 and they continued to grow through the 20th century. -
Indian Removal Act
This act was signed in 1830 by Andre Jackson. It gave the president power to dived and give unsettled land in the west to indians in exchange for the land they were originally put on. Many tribes resisted. -
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny was a term and concept used to get people to move west. It was the belief that God wanted the white settlers in the United States to spread coast to coast. This belief originated in the 1840s. -
Suffrage
Suffrage is the right to vote in public elections. For many decades women fought for suffrage along with African Americans. Women were granted the right to vote later than African American males. The Seneca Falls Convention demanded for women suffrage in 1848. -
Susan B. Anthony
She was very involved in woman suffrage. She went all over the country speaking about women rights ( for the vote). She also spoke on ending slavery and women labor. -
Homestead Act
Signed in 1862, the Homestead act encouraged Westward expansion. Anyone who settled in the west was granted 160 acres. All the settler had to do was pay a small fee and continue to improve the land for 5 years to receive ownership. -
Andrew Carnegie
Know as one of the wealthiest people in his time. Originally worked with railroad companies and then went on to work with steel. He led the expansion of the steel industry. -
The Gilded Age
The time period of the 1880s and 1890s. This term originated from Mark Twain. It means that from the outside everything looks fine but underneath is corrupt. There were a lot of disputes going on during this time. -
Populism and Progressivism
The populist movement began in the 1880s. Those who supported populist were mainly farmers who wanted to change the economic system. The Progressive movement started in the 1900s. These supporters are the middle class/ wealthy and well educated people who wanted to improve the political system. -
Civil Service Reform
Enacted in 1883, guarantees the right of citizens to run for federal jobs without regard to politics,religion, race or national origin. This reform came to surface because of the corruption within the federal professions. In 1881 president James A. Garfield was assassinated by a person wanting to run for office. -
Haymarket Riot
The Haymarket Riot was an outbreak in Chicago. It started as a labor protest but a bomb was thrown at police. Eight people died due to the bomb and eight radical labor activists were convicted. -
Dawes Act
This law allowed the President breakup reservation land. It tried to separate the indian tribes that were put on the reservations. They allowed the indians to keep the land if they adopted white culture and stopped practicing their own. -
Jane Addams
Addams was a social worker and a feminist in the early twentieth century. in 1889, Along with a partner, she opened up a house for education to improve and maintain a higher civic and social life. The house was full of many activities and groups. Then in 1905 Addams was brought onto the Chicago's Board of Education. -
Political Machines
A political machine is an organization in which a boss or small group wants the support of other businesses. They receive rewards for their efforts. Rewards could be jobs and building contracts. -
Ida B. Wells
An African American journalist. She led an anti-lynching organization in the 1890s. She was also an activist during this times -
Third Part Politics
A term used for political parties other than Republic or Democratic. These parties rarely win elections but they can provide citizens with particular issues that need to be handled. They also can take away votes from major political parties which influences the elections. -
Clarence Darrow
Darrow was a well known lawyer. He was also know for being a writer and speaker. He was put on the Chicago city corporation counsel in 1890. He tried to free anarchists charged in Haymarket riot and defended Eugene V. Debs who was arrested on a federal charge. -
Koldike Gold Rush
This started when Indians found gold on their reservation. There was gold found all over. Most people who were early founders became wealthy. -
Initiative and Referendum
Bothe of these terms are processes that allow citizens to directly vote on particular subjects, different for each state. Referendum in when the legislature gives a piece of legislation to the people to make a decision on. On the other hand, initiative is when the citizens draft a proposed law. The first state to adopt on elf these was South Dakota in 1898 -
William Jennings Bryan
Bryan became a Nebraskan congressman in 1890, and he also ran for president in 1900 and 1905. He was a public speaker and ran newspaper. He spoke about peace, prohibition, and suffrage. He was secretary of state for Woodrow Wilson in 1912. -
Nativism
Nativism is the policy of protecting the rights on the native born. This doctrine created an attitude of rejecting immigrants. This attitude raised in the 1900s -
Eugene V. Debbs
He was the secretary of the Terre Haute lodge of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and worked his way up to national secretary. He opposed the railroad strikes of 1877. He ran for president in 1912 against Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt. He served ten years of prison for opposing the US involvement in World War I. -
Theodore Roosevelt
The 26th president of the United States. Roosevelt led congress and the US with progressive reforms and a strong foreign policy. He was a big contributor in the Spanish- American War. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
This act prevented the manufacture, sale, and transportation of food and drugs that were considered misbranded or poisonous. It started the regulation of the food and medicines in stored. It was passed by Congress in 1906 and signed by president Theodore Roosevelt. -
Upton Sinclair
He is most know for his novel "The Jungle". The novel was about workers in the meatpacking industry. He also ran for governor of California in 1934/ -
Muckraker
A term used into the progressive era. Described journalist who provided incited on economic corruption and social disputes in the US. Was used int he early 1900s -
Dollar Diplomacy
This was a from of foreign policy in the US ( during President William Howard Taft's term). It aimed at Latin Americans and Asians. It used private capital to gain US interest overseas. 1909-1913 -
16th Amendments
The 16th amendment states that congress has the power to require and collect taxes no matter what. The bill was passer by Congress in 1909. But it was ratified in 1913. Prior to this amendment Congress had placed taxes. -
17th Amendment
The 17th Amendment states that the Senate of the US should have two Senators from each states. The Senators are elected by the people and serve a six year term. The senators will have one vote. Was passed in 1912 and ratified in 1913 -
Federal Reserve Act
This act created the current Federal Reserve System. It intended to create economic stability in the United States.It was signed by President Woodrow Wilson and introduced the Central Bank. -
18th Amendment
This amendment has been removed from the constitution. It prohibited the sale and drinking of alcohol in the US. It was not successful and created a lot of tension in the US. -
19th Amendment
This amendment was ratified in 1920. It states that the right of citizens to vote should not be limited or denied by gender. It gave women the right to vote. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
A scandal in the early 1920s. Involved the secret leasing of federal oil reserves by Albert Bacon Fall. Fall was eventually put in prison.
