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Westward Expansion
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Louisiana Purchase
The U.S. bought 15 million dollars worth of land west of the Mississippi River from France in 1803, almost doubling the size of the U.S. -
British Cession
The Louisiana Purchase extended into Canada, but did not include a piece of land near the Lake of the Woods. With the Convention of 1818, the United States and England decided to create a border at the 49th Parallel. In addition, they agreed to share the Oregon Country. -
Adams-Onis
The Adams-Onis Treaty was an agreement between the United States and Spain signed in 1819 which established the southern border of the Louisiana Purchase. As part of the agreement, the United States obtained the territory of Florida. -
Texas Annexation
In 1845, the Republic of Texas voluntarily asked to become a part of the United States, and the government of the United States agreed to annex the nation. -
Oregon Territory (British)
The Oregon Treaty of 1846 was an agreement with Great Britain that gave the U.S. undisputed claim to the Pacific Northwest south of the 49th parallel. The states carved out of this treaty are the present states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho and the southwest corner of Wyoming. -
Mexican Cession
The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo recognized Texas as a U.S. state, and ceded a large chunk of land — about half the area that belonged to the Mexican republic — to the United States for the cost of $15 million. The Mexican Cession included land that would later become California, Nevada, and Utah, as well as portions of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming. -
Gadsden Purchase
The Gadsden Purchase is a strip of land purchased by the U.S. from Mexico.
