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devolopment of morse code & telegraph
the telegraph allowed people to communicate across great distances, the new technologies telegraph led to was fax machines, cellphones, phones.the general route that these lines followed was next to the railroads b/c they would have easy access to work on them -
Boss Tweed
By mid 1860 he had risen to the top position in the organization and formed the tweed ring which openly bought votes, encouraged judicial corruption extracted millions from city contracts and dominated new York city politics. Tweed had to flee to U.S to Spain after he broke out of jail for his corruption in politics but was found b/c of nast cartoon's ended 1878 he died in prison -
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cattle drive era
cattle drive trails started in taxes, went northward and ended in Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, and Missouri. two severe winter and summer killed millions of cattle. cattle were shipped to Chicago to be slaughtered b/c of high population demand. trains & barbwire ended open range. -
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rise of labor unions
purpose. safer working conditions, shorter work days, weekend time off, end child labor. actions used. strike, violation of property, American federation of labor, riots -
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sherman aNTI-TRUST ACT
laisse faire, government was hands off o the businesses. government should not interfere in the operations of the free market. federal law aimed at stopping monopolies from engaging in unfair practices. standard oil was the 1st monopoly the government attempted to stop -
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sherman anti-trust act
satisse faire, government was lands off on the business, the government should not interfere in the operation of the free market. federal law aimed at stopping monopolies from engaging in unfair practices. standard oil was the 1st monopoly the government attempted to stop. -
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Gilded Age and Westward Expansion
Gilded Age meant that the period was glittering on the surface but corrupt underneath.
This time period is characterized by economic growth, widespread poverty, westward expansion, and political corruption. -
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New Immigration
immigrant came in due to push factors and pull factors: oppression, poverty, war, religious/ethnic persecution, freedom, economic opportunity, casualties. the new immigrants either stayed in new York tock trains to join their relatives in other parts of the country. they were usually poor, dressed differently from other Americans, they moved into crowded, tenement buildings worked at unskilled jobs for hours at low pay -
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Imm Port
Ellis island in new York harbor. new immigrants came from southern and eastern Europe, especially Poland , Italy, Austria Hungary, Greece and Russia in 1917, congress requiring imm. over 16 to pass a literacy test, and in the early 1920. those with tuberculosis or other disease were sent back to there hometown -
chinese exclusionary act
the cause of the Chinese exclusion loss of jobs and low wages in California that was blame in Chinese, Chinese exclusion act 1882was the first significant law was that restricted immigration into the united states of an ethnic working group -
haymarket
on may 4, 1886 a labor rally near Chicago's hay market square demanding an 8hr work day and turned into a riot after someone threw a bomb at police trying to break up the demonstration. at least eight people died as a result of the violence that day, the judge imposed the death sentence on seven of the men and the eighth was sentenced to 15 years in prison -
Hull House
was a settlement house in the U.S that was confounded in 1889 by Jan Addams and Ellen gates star. located in the near west side of Chicago, Illinois, opened its doors to recently arrived European imm. to help with employment, offered daycare, libraries, and language, and language classes. -
Pullman strike
The Pullman strike was a nationwide railroad strike in the united states on may 11,1894 and a turning point for us labor law. many of the Pullman factory workers joined the american railway union led by Eugene v.debs, which supported their strike by launching a boycott in which ARU member refused to run trains containing Pullman cars . President cleveland sent milariy troops to handle the situation -
homestead act.
the homestead act. encourage western migration by providing land. the only requirement were to pay a small filing fee and living there for five years in a row. this settlement affected the native American by taking their land and killing their tribe. when they arrive, they found little rainfall, few tress, tough soil, extreme temperatures, plagues of grasshoppers, and personal isolation, drilling equipment to dig deep ans water wells and windmills.