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Langston Hughes
He was a poet during the Harlem Renaissance. -
Social Darwinism
Top were rich people, or people that had power.
If you were poor or not educated the it means that they don't deserve to have money or power .
Concepts behind Social Darwinism were racism, money, and power.
What social classes owe each other was a pamphlet by William Graham summer about solving social problems created in 1993. -
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Harlem Renaissance
During WWI African Americans had witnessed a society in Europe that had witnessed a society in Europe that was tolerant in Americans.
From 1919 to 1930 witnessed the movement known as the "The Great Migration ". About 2 millions African Americans out of thee South to the "promise land" of the northeast or Midwest.
Also called the New negro movement occurred as a result of an increase in radical African American intellectual and move to Harlem. -
Henry Ford Innovations
- Was an engineer early automobile manufacture
- He introduced the assembly line in 1914 increasing production by moving cae along a conveyor belt while workers comleted their assigned tasks -
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Red Scare
Xenophobia is the fear of foreigners
Many Americans were scared of the communists because the communist had overthrown Russia in 1917 and murdered them.
A series of bomb explosions in 1919 ,including an attempt on Mitchel Palmer,lead to a campaign against the communists.
Palmer raids causes mass arrests. Palmer violated people's civil rights.Palmer lead groups of people searching for communists.
No communists were discovered ,lives were ruined due to the raids. -
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Transitional Immigration
Immigrants Left Europe to find a better life and the fact that Europe was in rubble from the destruction of WWI
Economy in Europe was not good
Other immigrants could not go back to Europe because it was destroyed.
Population increased in urban areas
Economy ended in the Great Depression -
Father of Aviation- Glenn Curtiss
Designed seaplanes, early aircraft carriers, hydroplane (takeoff f/water and land on the deck of the ship)
Convinced the Sec. of the Navy to buy it's aircraft for military use
Constructed the 1st plane to cross the Atlantic Ocean for the US Navy. -
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The Roaring Twenties
This time period is marked by optimism,celebration, experimentation and social change, but also fear of external influences and a loss of American culture. -
19th Amendment
19th amendment to the U.S. constitution granted american women the rights to vote - a right known as women sufferage
1848 the movement for womens right launched on a national level with a convention it became a center piece of womens right movement. after a 70 year old battle the passage of 19th amendment -
UNIAE
Marcus Garvey
The members pledged to do all in their power to conserve the rights of their noble race and to respect the rights of all mankind believing always in the Brotherhood of Man and the Fatherhood of God.
North and the frustration of struggling to cope with urban life set the scene for Garvey's back to Africa Movement.
He went to Jamaica and was not allowed back in the United States.
He wanted the people to come back to Liberia which was a Back- to- Africa movement. -
Emergency Quota Act
Restricted immigration to the United States.
Cause a high number of immigrants became a major concern.
Norther Europeans were allowed in similar culture.
Americans were not please with increase of political power in immigration groups.
WWI just happened and wanted to come to America. -
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National Origins Formula
It was an American system of Immigration on quotas btw 1921 and 1965 it restricted Immigration on the basis of existing proportion of the population.
It restricted all Asians and South and East Europeans from entering the U.S. on the basis of existing proportions of the population.
The U.S. were afraid of Immigrants taking jobs and communists.
It modified the Chinese exclusion act and the Immigration Act of 1924. -
Period: to Oct 4, 1339
Nativism in the 20's and 30's
Nativism is the policy of protecting the interests of Native inhabitants against those of Immigrants.
Nativism has become a term for "opposition to Immigration" based on fears that the Immigrants will distort or spoil existing cultural values.
The KKK that was dead for decades found new life in 1919. KKK members were hostile to Immigrants, Catholics, Jews and African Americans. -
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Teapot Dome Scandal
1920's involved national security big oil companies and corruption of U.S and selling military land
events led decades before government and U.S. navy officials new global presence
Albert B fall served as secretary of the interior in president warren g hardings cabinet
Scandal left a lasting stain on the presidents reputation. -
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Pledge of Allegiance
In 1923 the word " the flag of the united states of america" were added. because who could theoretically be pledging their native land (rather than US) as they spoke so it could be clear as to which they were saluting
in 1954 responding to the threat of the soviet communism (again more national pledge) President Eisenhower encouraged congress to add the word "under god" to the pledge " -
Monkey Trial
Know as " The people of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes"
John Scopes was accused of violating Tennessee's Butter Acts which made it unlawfully to teach human evolution in any state funded school.
Scopes was defended by Clarence Darrow and prosecutor William Jennings Bryan.
Most people on the jury were church going farmers.
John Scopes lost and had to pay a fine of $1.00 and the Butler Act stood strong until 1967
The Butler Act was teacher's who could not deny biblical origin. -
First Solo Trans-Atlantic Flight
Name of the pilot was Charles Lindberg.
Name of the plane was the spirit of St.Louis.
Start of this flight was Roosevelt filed in NY to land at La Bourget Airport near Paris.
He changed public opinions on the value of Air travel and land the foundation for the future development of aviation. -
Fats Walker
Jazz Music.
Was created as a theme song for the Razaf/Walker/Brook off Broadway musical and radio show.
Ain't misbehaving recordings of 1929 were hits in the ASCAP ranking for that year.
His radio show was in every bodies living room while he used his radio show to influence the black and whites. -
Eugenics
The concept of Eugenics was a movement aimed at improving the genetic composition of the human race.
Alexander Graham Bell and Leonard Darwin came up with the earlier ideas of Eugenics.
Eugenics was carried out but the Nazi party during WWII by Hitler during the genocide of the Jews. -
Duke Elington
Duke Ellington was a Jazz composer, he called his music "American Music" During his 50 year career he played 20,000 performances during his career
Ellington's orchestra began a four year residency at Harlem's Cotton Club in 1927.
Ellington gained a national profile through his orchestra's appearances at the Cotton Club in Harlem, his name became known after the success of "It don't mean a thing" and "Mood indigo"
The cotton club was for African american composers and for white audiences.