-
1229
1920s economy (2) Agricultural Marketing Act
(1929) passed by Congress before Black Tuesday, designed to help farmers help themselves and indicated Hoover's progressive tendencies -
Marcus Garvy- 1920's African American Identity
Garvey advocated for black nationalism and African American racial pride. He established an organization for black separatism and a back-to-Africa movement. -
1920s culture (4) the harlem renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a flourishing of African American art, music, literature, and poetry, centered in New York City’s Harlem neighborhood. Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen, and Langston Hughes were among the most famous African American authors associated with this movement. -
african american identity -harlem renaissance
Some common themes represented during the Harlem Renaissance were the influence of the experience of slavery and emerging African-American folk traditions on black identity, the effects of institutional racism, the dilemmas inherent in performing and writing for elite white audiences -
1920s culture (3) speakeasies
Congress passed the Volstead Act in 1919, which banned the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages, many Americans sought refuge in speakeasies and other entertainment venues that hosted jazz bands. -
1920's politics (1)
The election of 1920 saw the weakening of the Democratic Party. The death of Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson’s ill health meant the passing of a generation of Progressive leaders. The waning of the Red Scare took with it the last vestiges of Progressive zeal, and Wilson’s support of the League of Nations turned Irish and German immigrants against the Democrats. Americans were tired of reform, tired of witch hunts, and were more than ready for a return to “normalcy.” -
1920s politics (2) Normalcy
term used by Harding in his campaign (1920); Americans seemed less interested in international issues, tired of Progressive era -
1920s economy (4) consumerism
Consumerism can be thought of as the culture surrounding the buying and selling of products. Consumerism came into its own throughout the 1920s as a result of mass production, new products on the market, and improved advertising techniques. With more leisure time available and money to spend, Americans were eager to own the latest items. Advertisers used this to their advantage, often stressing luxury and convenience. -
1920s culture (1) jazz music
jazz music became wildly popular in the “Roaring Twenties,” a decade that witnessed unprecedented economic growth and prosperity in the United States. -
1920s culture (2)
Technological innovations like the telephone and radio irrevocably altered the social lives of Americans while transforming the entertainment industry. Suddenly, musicians could create phonograph recordings of their compositions. -
1920s culture (5) flapper girl
Women attended jazz clubs in large numbers, and the “flapper girl” became a staple of US pop culture. These women flouted orthodox gender norms, bobbing their hair, smoking cigarettes, and engaging in other behaviors traditionally associated with men. -
1920s literature (1)
F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway were among the most popular writers of the decade. Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby remains an American classic. Jazz music was enormously popular throughout the 1920s, as crowds flocked to hear musicians like Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington. -
Literary Styles of 1920's
Literature became focused on the selfish individualism that became more popular during the Roaring Twenties. They reflected on their time period while adding more dramatic elements, of course -
African American Idnetitiy 1
The Harlem Renaissance saw the growth of African American arts taking shape, defining their culture in America. -
Fundamentalism- Religion
Fundamentalists heavily believed in the bible and took every word written as truth, they also believed in creationism and blamed modernists for the decline in morals -
Musicians- 1920's African American Identity
As the Harlem Renaissance prospered musicians became known during this era, specifically African American's. Two well known musicians include Duke Ellington and Louis Armstrong. -
Jazz Age- 1920's African American Identity
Influential musicians during the 1920's lead to the Jazz Age. African American culture from the South inspired the Jazz Age in the North. -
Government Policies- 1920's Economy
Government laws and tariffs favored business and did nothing to enforce antitrust laws so businesses prospered -
Modernism- Religion
Religion during the 1920's changed from traditional Protestant ways to Modernism and Fundamentalism. Modernism believed that they could accept Darwin's Theory of evolution and still keep faith in the bible, a mix of science and faith. -
KKK- Immigration
The rise of nativism lead to the rise of the KKK in the 1920's. The KKK directed it's attention to not only African American's but Jewish people, Catholics, foreigners, and Communists. -
Prohibition in the United States
Prohibition in the United States was a nationwide constitutional ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages from 1920 to 1933. -
1920s politics (3) teapot dome scandal
(1921) Sec. of Interior Albert Fall arranged transfer of valuable national oil reserves to two oilmen for $400K; signed by Harding - one of the biggest presidential scandals of the century -
1920s economy (5)Bureau of the Budget
created in 1921 by Congress to reduce national debt (Harding/Mellon: reduce debt by making government smaller) -
The Wasteland
Poem written by T.S.Eliot that spoke about the world's loss of personal, moral, and spiritual values -
Warren G. Harding- 1920's Politics
After Wilson, Harding lead the Republican lead by reducing income tax, increase in tariff rates, and establishing the Bureau of Budget. Unfortunately under his presidency likeness for business lead to corruption. -
Quota Laws- Immigration
In response to immigration, Congress passed two acts that limited immigration by setting quota's based on nationality. These restricted Eastern and Southern European immigrants and Asian immigrants. Canadians and Latin Americans were exempt. -
1920s politics (4) Fordney-McCumber Tariff
(1922) increased duties on agricultural goods (businessmen feared cheap goods coming in from Europe); hurt Europe's post-war economy - had more trouble paying debt to U.S. -
1920s literature (2) the great gatsby
The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel written by American author F. Scott Fitzgerald that follows a cast of characters living in the fictional towns of West Egg and East Egg on prosperous Long Island in the summer of 1922. -
the sun also rises
The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel written by American author Ernest Hemingway about a group of American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights -
1920s politics (5) election of 1928
Hoover (R) def. Smith (D) - Hoover's platform included prosperity and prohibition (Smith was a Catholic Tammany Hall boss, highly opposed by religious South and rural America); first time South had voted Republican since Lincoln -
Black Thursday and Black Tuesday- Stock Market Crash
Stocks were rapidly dropping in price and many Americans began to panic. Many sold their stocks and stocks lost more than $26 million in value. These two days bankers tried selling stocks but they fell through and ended up worsening the problem. -
stock market crash of 1929
Stock market crash of 1929, also called the Great Crash, a sharp decline in U.S. stock market values in 1929 that contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s. -
1920s economy (3)Federal Farm Board
(est. 1930) lent funds to buy, sell, and store agricultural surpluses, to raise sagging farm prices by buying up surpluses: extremely similar to vetoed McNary-Haugen Bill -
Causes of the Crash- Stock Market Crash
After WWI the rippling effect of depression reached America resulting in the stock market crash. Causes include uneven distribution of income, stock market speculation, too much credit, excess of consumer goods, and weak farm economy. -
Federal Farm Board- Herbert Hoover's Policies
In response to the devastating stock market crash Hoover signed laws and acts to help the affected. This board was designed to help farmers stabilize prices that were affected by the overproduction prices -
Herbert Hoover- 1920's Politics
Herbert won in a landslide because of his promise to extend "Coolidge Prosperity". Also, his opponent was Catholic which caused him to lose -
1930's "Okies"- Dust Bowl
Migrants from Oklahoma and the Plains traveled to California in search of jobs since their farms were dried out and dust. -
Civil Works Administration- New Deal Programs
The CWA added to the Public Works Administration by hiring laborers for temporary projects sponsored by the federal government -
Hawley Smoot Tariff- Herbert Hoover's Policies
President Hoover signed this act which created the highest tariffs in American history. Unfortunately this did more bad than good because it resulted in other countries raising their tariffs. -
dust bowl
The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent the aeolian processes caused the phenomenon. Wikipedia -
Tennessee Valley Authority- New Deal Programs
The TVA was an experiment in regional development and public planning where the poorest regions hired people to build damns, work for electric companies, and manufacture fertilizer. -
Farm Credit Administration- New Deal Programs
This provided low-interest farm loans and mortgages to stop foreclosures on farmers in debt -
Federal Emergency Relief Administration- New Deal Programs
The FERA gave money to state and local governments who offered soup kitchens or other relief for the jobless. -
Civilian Conservation Corps- New Deal Programs
The CCC hired young men to work on federal lands and in return the families would receive a small monthly sum -
Home Owners Loan Corporation- New Deal Programs
The HOLC provided refinancing of small homes to prevent foreclosures -
Bank Holiday- New Deal Program
As banks continued to fail during the depression, Roosevelt ordered a bank holiday were banks would close and be evaluated to see if they were sound enough for the public. Roosevelt decided to manage the banks first before he completed his New Deal program -
Public Works Administration- New Deal Programs
The PWA gave money to state and local governments for building public works such as parks -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation- New Deal Programs
The FDIC was created to guarantee individual bank deposits up to $5,000 -
Repeal of the 18th Amendment- Prohibition
Since the 18th Amendment was so unpopular and because of the undercover drinking, people were eager to have this amendment removed. Under the presidency of Franklin Roosevelt the 21st amendment was created which repealed the 18th amendment. -
National Recovery Administration- New Deal Programs
The NRA helped businesses with wages and hours and allowed workers to organize and bargain collectively -
Emergency Banking Relief Act - New Deal Programs
As part of his financial part of the New Deal, Roosevelt had this act created so the government could evaluate banks during the bank holiday -
Rural Electrification Administration- New Deal Programs
The REA provided loans for electrical companies to supply power in rural areas
