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Original Pledge of Allegiance
-Bellamy had hoped that the pledge would be used by citizens in any country.
-The phase " To Flag of the United States of America" was added to the pledge of Allegiance in 1923 so it could be specific of U.S.
-The phase "Under God" wasn't added to our pledge of allegiance until 1954 in response to threat of communism. -
Social Darwinsm
-Haves were rich people, or people that had power.
-If you were poor or not educated then it means that they don't deserve to have money or power and they were a have not.
-What social classes owe to each other was a pamphlet by William Graham summers about solving social problems created in 1883-1903 -
Henry Ford
-Was a engineer early automobile manufacture.
-He introduced the assembly line in 1914 increasing production ny moving car along a conveyor belt while workers completed their assigned tasks. -
Period: to
Harlem Renaissance
-The Grea Migration le to he relocation of more than 6 million African American from the rural south to the cities of the North, Midwest and west fr m 1917-1970.
-Moss Migration of African Americans from the south during WW1 had helped filled New York industrial needs.
-The Jim Crow Laws lead to a mass migration from the south to places like New York, and Chicago, because the African Americas wanted to get away from the Jim Crow laws and racism -
Red Scare
-Xenophobia is the fear for foreigners.
-Many Americans were scared for the communists because th communist had overthrown Russia in 1917 and murdered them.
-A series of bomb explosions in 1919 including an attempt on Mitchell Plamer, lead to a campaign against the communities.
-Palmer raids cued mass arrest, Palmer lead to a campaign against the communists
-No communists were discovered, lives were ruled due to raids. -
Father of a naval aviation-Glenn Curtiss
-Designed seaplanes, early aircraft carries, hydroplane ( take off/ water and land on the deck of a ship)
-Convinced the Sec of the navy to buy its 1st aircraft for military use.
-Constructed the 1st airplane to cross the Atlantic Ocean for the US Navy. -
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"The Roaring Twenties"
-This time period is marked by optimism, celebration, experimentation and social change, but also fear of external influences and loss of "American Culture" -
UNIA
Marcus Moissan Garvey
-The members pledge themselves to do all in their power conserved the rights of their noble race and to respect brotherhood of man and the fatherhood of god.
-North and the frustrations of shrugging to cope with urban life set the scene for Garvey's ba k to Africa Americans.
-He went to Jamaica and was kicked out of the United States, he wanted the people to come back to Liberia which was a movement back to Africa. -
19th Amendent
-On August 18,1920 the 19th amendment to the U.S constitution granted American women the rights to vote, a right known as women suffrage by 1818 the NWSA National women suffrage association) and the collective suffrage movement had gathered enough influence to lobby the U.S congress for a constitutional amendment this has allowed women to have the right to vote to this day. -
Emergency Quota Act
-Restricted immigration into the United States.
-The reason for passing the Act was that the flood of immigrants in recent years had negative wage effects on Native ban Americans
-Following the WW1 both Europe & U.S were suffering economic & social upheaval
-The Russia revolution & the dissolution of both Austro Hungarian empire, & ottoman empire led to grated immigration to the U.S. -
National Origins Formula
-Restricted immigration on the basis of existing proportions of the population it aimed to reduce the overall number of unskilled immigrants, and to prevent immigrants from changing the etic distribution of the population, it discriminated against southern and canters Europeans. the government allowed 2% of the population into the nation. The Asians exclusions completely out, the act caused immigration to drop by almost 500,000 people between 1920 and 1922 -
National Orgins Formula
-Restricted immigration on the basis of existing proportions of the population it aimed to reduce the overall number of unskilled immigrants, and to prevent immigrants from changing the ethic distribution of the population, it discriminated against southern and centers Europeans. The gov allowed 2% of the population into the nation. The Asians exclusion completely out.
-The act caused immigration to drop by almost 500,000 people between 1920 and 1922. -
First solo transatlantic flight
-Name of the pilot was Charles Lindbergh
-Name of plane was the sprit of St.Louis
-Start of this flight was Roosevelt Field NY to land at La Bourget Airport near Paris
-He changed public Opinion on the value of air travel and laid the foundation for the future development or aviation. -
Fats Waller
-Area of influence; influenced the area of music, jazz music originated from Africa America communities from New Orleans in the U.S during 19th and early 20th century, jazz music allows an individual musician express themselves of their instruments.
-Popular worn listed; aint;misbehaving, is a musical revue tribute to the black musicians o Harlem renaissance in the 1920's and 30's. -
Duke Ellington
-He was a jazz composer he called his music "American Music"
-His fifty year career he played over 20,000 performances in Europe, Latin America, the middle East and Asia.
-Ellington's orchestra began its four year residency at Harlem's famous cotton club in 1927 succession of popular radio broad basis from cotton club brought.
-Ellington national fame his name became known after the success of "mood indigo" and "I don't mean a thing ifit ant got the swing" (1932) -
Eugenics
-Eugenics is a set of belief and practices that aims at improving the genetics quality of the human population the gov. under Theodore Roosevelt created a national heredity commission that was charged to investigate the genetics heritage of the country and to "encourage" the increase of families of good blood and discouraged the vicious elements in cross-bred American civilization.
-Hitler believed that the Aryan people which came from Eugenics were destined to rule the world. -
Transitional Immigration
Most European immigrants came to escape war and for better economic opportunities in the late 1800's to early 1900's the attitude towards immigrants was bad as well as marred Marcus Garvey created the back of Africa movement.
-"Keep America for "Americans" was used on a large scale fit anti immigrants. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
-1920's involved national security big oil companies & corruption of U.S and selling military land.
-Events led decades before government & U.S navy officials ne global precense.
-Restricted immigration into the U.S
-The reason for passing the act wa tht the food of immigrants in recent years had negative wag effects on native ban America.
-Following the WW1, both Europe & U.S were suffering economic & social peripheral.
-The Russia Revolution & dissolution of both Europe-Hungarian Empire