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benito mussolini
in Italy , Benito Mussolini developed a new type of political party and seized power
By 1921 Mussolini established the Fascist party
Mussolini gradually extented fascist control to every aspect of italian life
fascism stressed nationalism and placed the interests of the state above those of individuals -
joseph stalin
Joseph Stalin was a powerful communist leader in the early years of the soviet union.he was a dictator who terrorized the population and sent many people to prison and labor camps
one of the communist leaders greatest task was collectivize farming . stalin created a state owned farms
while stalin was the leader he steadily increased his power . -
allied powersq
Great Britain US China Soviet Union Along with other
Prime Purpose was to defeat the axis powers and create a peaceful post War World -
Japan
Japan invaded Manchuria (China's eastern seaboard) because Japan was becoming very crowded without being able to expand because of being an island. Japan believed Manchuria was rich with minerals so it was an obvious plan for Japan.
Japan withdrew form the league of nation after a report of them invading Manchuria -
Period: to
volunterrism in wwii
began bloodelomor services in america to produce lifesaving plasma for the armed forces served in hospitals produced emergency supplies collected serap run victory gardens & maintained training pay loans -
Germany
At the beginning of the 1930s Adolph Hitler us nazi party exploited wide spread & deep-seated where discontent in germany to extract popular & political support -
Period: to
red cross in WW2
Began blood donor services in america to produce lifesaving plasma for the armed forces served in hospitals produce emergency supplies collected scrap ran victory gardens & maintained training programs become the chief providers of relief supplies in europe served as field dinner provided support for troops 10 perated clubs & were attached to military hospital -
Rationing
rationing is the controlled distribution of scare resources & goods
rationing items were gasoline tires meat butter & jellies
people had to use Rationing goods which were used to each family based on its size -
civilian Defense Organization
Roosevelt set up the office of civilian defense (OCD) to coordinate state and federal measures to protect civilians in war related emergency.the OCD organized the u.s citizens defense corps.to recruit and train volunteers to perform essential tasks -
Rosie The Riveter
-1945 nearly one out of the every four married women worked outside the home Rosie the riviter star of a government campaign aimed at recruiting female worker for munitions industry become perhaps the most iconic image of working women during the war -
War Bonds
way to remove money from circulation as well as reduce inflation
people would buy bonds & the gov promised to reform to them w/interest after 10yr or more
Gov needs the $ to pay 4 war Equipment -
wacs
women joined the new womens army corps (WACS) after basic training most of these women took clerical jobs the military
women replaced jobs formerly held by men such as shipbuilding & aircraft production
the idea was to have women fill jobs held by men to send more men to war
between 1941-1945 more then 6.5 million women entered the workforce -
Lend Lease Program
Gave the president the authority to sell lease lend or otherwise dispose of any defense article to any nation whose defense he considered critical to that of the U.S
neutrality by claiming that loans were made in the interests of nations defense goods were not destroyed or lost in battle wer to be returned or paid for
it allowed the U.S to proved its allies with aid in the form of tanks planes ammunition and construction supplies -
red cross in WW2
Began blood donor services in america to produce lifesaving plasma for the armed forces served in hospitals produce emergency supplies collected scrap ran victory gardens & maintained training programs become the chief providers of relief supplies in europe served as field dinner provided support for troops 10 perated clubs & were attached to military hospital -
pearl harbor
-Japanese planes attacked the U.S naval base at pearl harbor hawaii territory
-The bombing killed more than 2,300 Americans destroying the american battleship U.S.S
yesterday December & 1941 date which will live in infamy the United States of america was suddenly & deliberately attacked by naval & air forces of the empire of japan -
executive order 9066
us presidential signed & issued during WW2 by FDR authorizing the secretary of war to prescribe certain areas as military zones clearing the way for the deportation of japanese the attack on pearl harbor in Dec, 7 1941 led to growing suspicions largely by racism & fear about the loyalty of japanese army japanese ancestry was classified as enemy alians curfews were instituted & assests were frozen 120k japanese army informed that the gov would forcibly remove them from home -
Bataan Death march
-the Bataan death march happend after the U.S surrender of the Bataan peninsula it affected the war tide in favor of the axis powers .allied prisoners were forced to march 65 miles to prison campos where thousands died from disease mistreatment and stanuition -
battle of midway
the battle of midway pushed the war tide in favor of the allied powers since if was one of the most decisive U.S victories against japan
the U.S inflicted permanent damage on the japanese navy this wars the turning pain of the U.S against Japan -
U.S offices of war information
control the content & imagary of war messages & make citizens aware of how they could help in the war
effort produce radio programs new reels asked citizens to contribute time & create products conserve resources donate & stir up distruct to lower enemy & population morals to promote surrender -
WAVE
women accepted for volunteer emergency service (WAVES) was created in 1942 in response to the need for additional military personnal during WW2 -
victory gardens
as part of the war effort the government rationed foods like sugar butter milk cheese eggs coffee meat & canned goods
the government turned to its citizens & encourage them to plant victory gardens garden help make sure enough food & supplies were available for home & the troops during WW2 -
higgins boats
higgins boat was landing craft used extensively in amphilibious landing in world war 2 the craft was designed by andrew higgins based on boats made for operationg in swamps and marshes -
Douglas MacArthur
he was an american five star general and field Marshall of the Philippine army
he was chief of staff of the US army during the 1930s and play a prominent role in the pacific theater during WW2
Douglas MacArthur led the island happening commander od the allied forces in the southwest pacific -
isoroku yamanato
Japanese marshal adrival and cammander in chief of the combined fleet played avital role (exucated the surprise attack) in pearl harbor which made japan vieoris -
Erwin Rommel
Field marshal Erwin Rommel was are of Germans most popular generals during WW1. on D-day he discussed with other officers about surrendering .due to his ties to the plot to over thrown Hitler he was murdered -
Chester W Nimitz
was leading the us navy authority on submarines he was the us a lost surriving officer who ranked as a fleet admiral
admiral chest was appointed commander in the chief of the us pacific fleet just after pearl harbor -
omar bradely
was a senior officer of the u.s army
he was in service in north america and western
europe
he then became general us the first american army to land in france -
George C Marshall
acted as cheap of staff and the victory
worried closely w/ Roosevelt to urge millitary to prepare pearl harbor
built a army -
George Patton
led the US 7th army in its invasion of Sicily and swept across northern France
Patton's forces played a key role in the featuring the German counterattack in the battle of the bulge Patton died in Germany in December 1945 of injuries sustained in a automobile accident -
d-day
effected the war tide for the allies positively b/c the battle foreshadowed the end of Hitlers dream of Nazi domination D-day was the largest air , land and sea operation undertaken. the landing included over 5,000 ships , 11,000 airplanes and over 150,000 service men. by the end the allies had reached the seine river , pairs was liberated and the Germans had been removed from northwestern France effectively concluding the battle of Normandy -
Koremastu Vs US
Fred Koremastu a japanese Us citizen refused to leave home in San Leandro CA
Court decided the nations security concern out weighed the constitution promise of equal right
the executive order 9066 banned japansese alien & non alien from the US
50 years later it was over turned by congress & an apology was given -
Potsdam Conference
The big three soviet leader Joseph Stalin British prime Minister Winston Churchill replaced on July 26 by Minister clement attlee
Roosevelt Churchill and stalin met at yalta to plan the reorganization of europe at the end of the war agreed on the formation untied nations -
nuclear weapons
in july 161945 president harry truman decided to use the atomic bomb against japan after bombs were droppedon hiroshima and nagosaki in august 1945 japan surrendered world war 2 in which over 70 million people died when it was over -
The US and European Countries
in the US the war happend after the Great Depression 30% unemployment was cut down to less than 5% after the employment boost due to the war.the European countries were left to rebuild
the us lend money to the countries and Germany was the only country to fully pay it back in 1990 -
women and minority
while the men went back to fight in the war the women were left to work in the factories . after the war men came back to reclaim their positions at factories. after the war men came back to reclaim their positions at factories but the women didnt wan to give up . spuring up the feministic movement in the war men of color fought along side white men for the first time. when they got back from the war they were treated with the same racial slurs.sparking the civil rights movement