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Period: to
harsh working condition
-10 cents an hour ,12-14 hours a day , $8- $10 a week
-children were paid less than 10 cents an hour for 14 hours a day
-women received between 1/2-1/3 the pay of men
-machines were heavy and dangerous ,black smoke spit out
- workers covered in black soot
-work with workers who were sick or had cut of limbs
-workers were abandon if an accident occurred ,wages stop no medical attention a
-children+ women were abuse
-children had physical deformities because lack of sunlight and exercise -
Period: to
the revolution
-focused on women right and women suffrage
-Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth C. Stanton both were publishers and editors
-they established the revolution during period when split was developing within the women right movement
- together they provided leadership to stop women suffrage in the Us
-woman rights movement that greatly reduced at the turn of the century -
Klondike gold rush
-out of 1000,000 prospectors only 3,000 reached the region
-it was difficult to reach the Klondike region and because of the terrain and harsh weather .
-the people left their jobs so Klondikes to become gold diggers
-many prospectors because penniless because they had spent a lot of money on the the Klondike. The continental economy however they became locked in a state of depression.
-the prospectors did not always find gold but the hardware suppliers made a fortune selling the equipment . -
womans christian temperance union
-WTC fought for prohibition ,the banning of alcoholic beverages ,wanted immigrants and poor city dwells to uplift themselves.
-Frances willard help tranform the union from dwellers from small mid-western religious group to a nation organization .
-around tension between immigrants because their customs included alcohol consumption. -
assassination of president Garfield
-the assassin was Charles J. Guiteau
-shot at the president twice ,only one bullet directly impacted him
-reason charles shot him was because he was turned down on a job by the president ,mentally unstable and believed god told him to do it.
-Charles wrote poem ,'i am going to the cordy ' to Garfield about his own death
-Garfield lived for a couple of moths but died from infection. -
pendleton act
-patronages system is a practice in which a political party after winning an election gives government jobs to its supporters.
-merit system is the process of promoting and hiring government employees based in their ability to preform a job
-cause ; president Garfield was shot twice by Charles Guiteau whom he had been turned down from a job Chester after becoming president
-effect; officials could no longer pressure employees for campaign contributors. -
Interstate commerce act
-the reason for this law to make railroad rates fair to all the customers.
-the power of the law was to basically to regulate railroad prices .
-this was the first federal law to regulate private industry in the US "reasonable and just price "standard.
-the ICC was created to enforce regulations and investigate allegations such as fraud ,deception,and discrimination toward private businesses. -
Sherman antitrust act
-to address oppressive business practices associated with cartels and oppressive monopolists
-business illegally forming trust to interfere with trade
-the act was suppose to go against big businesses and the trust in the supreme court , but they didint define what 'trust' meant .
-it was useless until 1900's when trust-busters closed over 44 trust companies
-john d. Rockefeller was one of the captain of industry or robber barons that caused the act to be created . -
Period: to
the progressive era
-the progressive era was a time of social and political reforms during which corruption and socia ldifferences were exposed, many changes were made to american society
-progressive era was a time of reform such as the initiative and referendum (vote) -
Plessy vs. ferguson
-plessy vs Ferguson was a landmark constitutional law cause of the supreme court . it upheld state racial segregation law for public facilities under the doctrine of "separate but equal"
-the US supreme court ruled the racially separate facilities , if equal ,did not violate the constitution
-all railways companies carry both races (whites and color race ) -
The jungle
-published February 26,1906
-author; upton sinclair ,jr.
-written to portray the harsh conditions and exploited lives of immigrants in the united states in Chicago and similar industrialized cities .
-concerned with the exposure of health violations and unsanitary practices in the american meatpacking industry during the early 20th century
-contributed to a public outcry ,which led to reforms including the meat inspection act and pure food and drug act. -
pure food and drug act
-the cause of the pure food and drug act was because of all the muckrakers like Upton Sinclair writing stories on the working conditions and how filthy the factories were.
-the power of the pure food and drug act was to protect the public against adulteration of the food and from products identified as healthful without scientific support.
-had the responsibility of testing all foods and drugs destined for human consumption, and the requirement for prescriptions. -
Period: to
Social gospel
-settlement houses like the hull house lone Addams and religious groups helped start the "social gospel movement"
-They believed that churches had a duty to solve societies problems and preached salvation through serve to the poor .
-they were criticized by others the social gospel movement because they could not believe their reforms could help.
-the progressive era inspired reform activities like the young men's christian association and the inspiration of women's temperance union. -
NAACP
-in 1909 and 1930 the NAACP devotees much of its energy to publicizing the lynching of blacks throughout the united states
-NAACP: national association for the advancement of colored people.
-the NAACP was founded in 1909 by a group of multi -racial activist. it was the originally the the national negro committee by W.E.B DOBO. -
16th amendment
-allows the congress to levy an income tax on the people.
-its biggest effect was it shifted the balances of power towards the federal government and away from the states
-progressive :favoring and advocating progress and change
-Revenue:collective items of income of a person ,state ,etc
-Tariff: tax or duty to be payed -
17 amendment
-the senate of the US shall be composed of two senators from each state,elected by the people there of , for 6 years and each senator shall have one vote
-it changed the theory about who senators represented , shifting the focus from state government to the residents of states.
-Direct elections: system of choosing political office holders in which the voters directly cast ballots for the person -
the federal reserve act
-nation needed a way to strengthen the ways in which banks were run.
-This act divided the nation into 12 districts and established a central bank in each district
-The federal rosette banks could issue new paper currency in emergency situations and members could make loans to their customers.
-By 1923 roughly 70% of the nations banking resources were part of the federal reserve system. -
18 amendment vocabulary
-Temperance ; abstinence from alcoholic drink
-Prohibition; legal act of prohibiting the manufacture storage in barrels ,bottles , transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages.
-speak-easy- an Elliot liquor store or night club .
-flapper - a fashionable young women intent on enjoying herself and flouting conventional standard of behavior. -
18th amendment
-The 18th amendment was the result of decades of effort by the temperance movement in the U.S
-It led to rise of organized crime, as the bootlegging of alcohol became an event more iterative operation
-Banned the sale and drinking of alcohol in the U.S
-The demand took effect in 1919 and was a huge failure . -
19th amendment
-women wanted equality
-granted women the right to vote : a right known as suffrage
-helped women move closer to equality in all aspects of american life
-women advocated for jobs ,fairer wages , education, sex education,and birth control