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THE REVOLATION
focused on women's rights & women's suffrage
Susan B. Anthony & Elizabeth Cady Stanton both were publisher & editor
they established the revolution during a period when a split was developing when the women's right movement
they provided leadership for to stop women's suffrage in the U.S
women's right movement had greatly reduced @ the turn of the century -
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MUCKRAKER JOURNALISM
muckraker journalism was one magazine journalist who exposed the corrupt side of business & public life in the early 1900`s
journalists described immigrant ghettos and the poor living conditions of tenement housing
muckraker condemned exploitation of child labor & white slave traffic in women
they exposed Rockfeller oil industry & his monopolist ways
Authors like Upton Sinclair exposed the meat packing industry which led to the meat packing act & pure food and drug act -
POPULIST PARTY ( PEOPLE'S PARTY )
the purpose of the people's party was to increase in the$ supply to help for farmers & workers
It was mainly towards struggling farmers & desperate laborers
the moment is associated w/ Granger (the farmers moment)
the populist program eventually became the platform of the demo. party & kept alive the concept that the gov. is responsible for reforming social injustices
James B. Weaver was the populist candidate for the pres. that yr he pulled over 1,041,00 -
WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION
the purpose of WCTU was to combat the influence of alcohol on families & society.
Frances Willard became president of the WCTU and turned to organizing political means in addition to moral persuasion to achieve total abstinence.
the issue was seen in society as moral, issue to create prohibition through the nation -
HARSH WORKING CONDITIONS
children as young as 6 yrs old worked hard hours for little or no pay
women mostly found jobs in domestic service textile factories & spice work shops
children sometimes worked up to 19 hours w/ one break
women were paid less than half & children a third of what men make
worked in dangerous locations
if one was hurt head or arm cut off -
assassination of president garfield
the assassin was Charles J Guiteau
shot at the president twice, but only 1 bullet directly impacted him
reasion Charles shot him was he was turned down from a job by the president, mentally unstable & believes god told him to
Charles wrote a poem, "I am going to the lord" to Garfield about his own death
Garfield lived for a couple months, but died from infection -
PENDLETION ACT OF 1883
provided the federal gov. jobs awarded on the basis of merit and be selected though competitive exams.
in 1881 a mentally unstable man assassinated James A. Garfield in protest against not obtaining a gov. job.
the public's reaction caused president Arthur to introduce this law.
patronage system: practice where after winning an election, gives gov. jobs to its supporters/friends.
merit system: process of promoting & hiring gov. employees based on their ability to perform a job. -
INTER STATE COMMERCE ACT
united state federal law that was designed to regulate the RR industry particularly is monopolistic practices.
first law to regulate private industry in the us.
the power of the acts is to the RR rate be " reasonable and just "
interstate commerce commission (ICC) exposed the religion and investigated allegations of deception & discrimination. -
SHERMAN ANTITRUST ACT
to address appresive business associated with cartels & oppressive mompolices
-what caused the act? business illegally farming trust that intertered with trade
-the act was suppose to go against big business & the trust in the supreme-court, but they didn't define what "trust" ment -
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THE PROGRESSIVE ERA
the progressive era was a time of social and political reforms during which corruption and social differences were exposed, many changes were made to american society
progressive era was a time of reform such as the initiative and referendum (vote) -
RED RECORD
Ida B. Wells
Wells passion was telling the country of the awful happening in the south lynchings because she lost several friends.
effect was to raise awareness and option of the southern region on how African Americans were being treated -
PLESSY VS FERGUNSON
law case of the US supreme Ct it upheld state racial segregation laws for public facilities under the doctrine of " separate but equal. "
" separate but equal " did not violate the 14th amendment to the US constitution in 1868 which guaranteed equal protection under the law to all citizens.
the expression most often refers to the legally or socially separation of African Americans from other races, but also applies the general discrimination against ppl of color by white commuities -
KLONDIKE GOLD RUSH
-out of 100,000 prospects only 30,000 reached the region
-it was difficult to reach the klondike region and because of the terrain and harsh weather intense cold and frequent snowstorms
-the people left their jobs for the klondike to become gold diggers
-many prospectors became penniless because they had spent a lot of money that they had to buy the gear needed and the prospectors did not always find gold. -
PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT
prevented the manufacture or sale of gross, miss-branded or poisonous food drugs, or medicine
was the first many consumer protection acts
laws required labeling of any drugs that are addictive including alcohol, morphine, opium and cannabis
caused coca-cola to replace the cocaine in their product with caffeine
muckraking journalists brought these crimes to the public eye -
THE JUNGLE
written by muckraking journalist Upton Sinclair
focus was the human condition in the stockyards of Chicago & to exploit the labor of men & women for profit
Magnified the sickening conditions of the meat-packing industry
as result of making the public aware of the filthy & dangerous conditions, each local gov. passed its own set of health codes as well as the meat inspection act & the pure food & drug act -
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SOCIAL GOSPEL
settlement houses like the hull house w/ Jane Addams & religious groups helped start the "social gospel movement"
they believed that churches had a duty to solve society's problems & preached salvation through service to the poor
they were criticized by others, believed the social gospel movement, because they did not believe their reforms could help
the progressive era, inspired even more reforms acts. for example the (YMCA) & the inspiration of (WCTU) -
NAACP
in the 1920s and 1930s the NAACP devoted much of its energy to publicizing the lynching of blacks thought out the united states
the intials stand for the national association for the advancement of colored people -
16 AMENDMENT
allows congress to levy an income tax on the people
its biggest effect was it shifted the balance of power towards the federal gov. and away from the states
progressive: favoring or advocating progress and change
revenue - collective items of income of a person, state, etc.
tariff - tax or duty to be paid. -
17TH AMENDMENT
the senate of then US shall be composed of 12 senators from each state, by the people there of, for 6 yrs and each senator shall have 1 votye -
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BULL MOOSE PARTY
the founder of the bull moose party was Theodore Roosevelt
he was defeated in the republic primaries & broke off
the party advanced women suffrage, worker men comp, an 8 hr workday, a min. wage for women, federal law against child labor & federal trade -
FEDERAL RESERVE ACT
caused by the nations to strengthen how banks were run & quickly adjust amount of money in circulation & have enough money supply to keep up W/ the econ.
give 12 federal reserve banks the ability to print money in order to ensure economics stability
helped created the federal reserve system & centralized banking known as " bankers bank "
made the value of the US dollars stronger by influencing the economy -
18TH AMENDMENT 1/2
speakeasy: illicit establishment that sells alcoholic beverages
flapper: generation of young western women in 1920s who wore short skirts, bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their unacceptable behavior -
18TH AMENDMENT 2/2
caused by widespread belief that consumption of alcohol was deteriorating americans health & causing criminal acts
established the prohibition of alcohol beverages in the US by declaring the production, transport, & sale of alcohol illegal
instead of reducing crime, it created massive organized crime movements & corrupted public officials who took bribes
temperance: restraint & moderation from drinking
prohibition: nationwide ban of alcohol -
19TH AMENDMENT
women wanted equality
granted women the right to vote - a right known as suffrage
helped women move closer to equality in all aspects of american life
women advocated for jobs, fair wages, education, sex education, and birth control