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Age of the steamboat
-American economic stability & influenced everyday life for over a century with transportation & trade
-The steamboat made it easier for products & people to get to one place to another in a timely fashion -
Morse code
-Developed 1844 by Samuel Morse revolutionized long distance communication
-Use of the telegraph was quickly accepted by people agar for a faster & easier way of sending & receiving information
-It worked by transmitting electrical signals over a wire layed between stations -
homestead act May 1862
-The purpose of this act was to have more settlement's in the west
-they offered free land for staying there for five year's
-people bought the land for 1.25 per acre
-The homestead act led to the distribution of 80 million acres of public land by1900
-It pushed Indian's to reservations in the west -
Chinese exclusionary act
-1st & only major legislation to suspend immigration of a certain nationality in 1892 was renewed for another 10 years in 1902 the ban became permanent
-American people were people were scared to fight for their jobs caused segregation of Asians from Americans and china towns -
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Cattle drive era
-From texas to the mid west in nebraska
-Cattle drives were send to chicago were they slauther them to make beef for Chicago
-Barb were was put up by farmers to stop cattle drivers from destroying their wheat crops -
Transcontinental Railroad
-The entire nation was joined with 1,776 miles of track
-Countries were able to work together easier due to decreased travel time
-The transcontinental railroad meant the that the frontier could be extended with greater movement of population
-The railroads made a wider variety of goods possible for people to obtain.So sellers were able to find new markets & people who lived on the frontier were able to get goods that were previously unavailable -
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The Knights of labor
-The Knights of labor began as a labor union
-Knights strongly supported the Chinese exclusion Act of 1882
-A lot of strikes stuck out more than 200,000 workers were on strike. Bomb expiated at a workers rally, including over thousand strikes including the great southwest strike -
John D. Rockeller
-He incorporated standard standard oil in 1870.He build his first oil refinery near Cleveland
-By 1882 he controlled some of 90% of U.S. refineries and pipelines this was considerd a monopoly.
He built the Rockefeller center and donated land to the U.N. headquarters -
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Tammany hall and boss tweed
-Was organized by dishonest political, who had two main goals;decrease control of the city and get the group own candidule elected to the top citys government
-Tammany hall offened her do the citys new irish immigration,in return for voters
-Supported democratic party executive composite
-Boss turned used power and tweed stir over mission dollars from new York city's bank account -
Bessemer Steel Process
-The removal of imporities f/iron
-The bessemer process revolutionized steel production, de-creasing cost
-The process made steel 10x stronger than iron
-RR went forther, building grew high due to strength & low cost of steel -
The Exclusionary Act
-First law that restricted immigration into the U.S.
-The act provided an absolute 10-years ban on Chinese labor immigration
-The act made Chinese immigrants permanent aliens by exuding them from U.S. citizenship
-Froze the Chinese community in place prevented it from growing and assimilating into U.S. society -
Haymarket Square Riot
-A violent confrontation between police &labor protesters in Chicago on may 4,1886
-This has been associated workers day
-Riot created wide spread hysteria against immigrants
-Riot had a lasting event with the labor movement in U.S.
-The riot was caused by protest of police brutality toward the people of labor unions -
Hull House
-1889 Jane Addams & Ellen gates star founded Hull House
-Instated programs to address poor working condition poor sanitation and a host of other pressing problems
-Located in a large house in Chicago
-Tuned their attention to national issues
-Help immigrant to assimilate into America
-Passed due to public protest
-Right to vote (women) -
Home Stead Strike
-Unfair treatment and demands for employees
-The strike was against Andrew Carnegie & Frick
-Pinkerton guards and the strike fought and nine strikes died & seven guard died
-The sheriff asked the Governor to send help he send 3,00 militia men
-The union was broken up the owners won -
Andrew Carnegie
-Made Carnegie steel in 1892
-Took control of the steel industry
-Founded keystone bridge company
-Invested in oil and train cars -
Pullman strike
-Factory wages at the company fell about 25% but the rents George Pullman charged did not decrease
-3 Thousand Pullman workers went on a " wildcat" strike that is without authorization
-June 29, 50 thousand men had to quit their jobs
-Federal troops this enraged strikers, and rioters began stopping trains, smashing switches and again setting fire to anything that would burn
-Pullman strike was was important because it was the first time a federal injunction had ever been used to break a strike -
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Ellis Island
-The Eastern European and European the doctors were checking the immigrants for conditions such as physical disability, mental retardation and shortness of breath.If they had any of those conditions they will be deported back to there country
-They were poorly treated at the immigration office and they were detain for days ,weeks or months -
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Angel island
-held hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from china & japan
-Arriving they had to go through medical exams where they were tested for various diseases.They were assigned dormitory's were they were detained till interrogation pass, expressing fear & frustration for months
-They had to be U.S. citizens, and to answer questions about their family history
-Those family's that didn't pass the questioning would be in jeopardy of deportation -
Americanization Day
-First Americanization Day was known as "Loyalty Day",was first launched on July 4,1915
-Was launched in response to nearly two decades of increase immigration
-Americans had a sore spot because of the influx of immirgants from south europe -
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Great migration
-Push factor racial tension,voilence,poverty,lunching of americans led to not enough money or work to survive
-Pull factor job opportuntities,community for African american development of ethic neighborhoods specifically nothing was right
-They moved to new York & Chicago
-They created their own African american communities