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1st Treaty of Fort Laramie
The U.S. government created a treaty to attempt to ease the growing tension between white settlers and Plains Indians. The U.S. government's aim was to guarantee the safety of white settlers traveling through Indian Territory and to stop tribal fighting amongst the Plains Indians. www.tutor2u.net -
Long Walk of the Navajo Indians
According to historic accounts, more than 8,500 men, women, and children were forced to leave their homes in northeastern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. In the dead of winter, they made 300 - plus - mile trek to a desolate internment camp along the Pecos River in eastern New Mexico called the Bosque Redondo Reservation, where the military maintained an outpost, Fort Sumner. www.crowcanyon.org -
Fetterman Massacre
Determined to challenge the growing American military presence in their territory, Indians in northern Wyoming lure Lieutenant Colonel William Fetterman and his soldiers into a deadly ambush on this day in 1866. Tensions in the region started rising in 1863, when John Bozeman blazed the Bozeman Trail, a new route for emigrants traveling to the Montana gold fields. www.history.com -
2nd Treaty of Fort Laramie
In this treaty, signed in 1868, between the U.S. Government and the Sioux Nation, the United States recognized the Black Hills as part of the Great Sioux Reservation, set aside for exclusive use by the Sioux people. The history of Native Americans in North America dates back thousands of years. www.ourdocuments.gov -
Battle of Little Bighorn
The Battle of Little Bighorn, fought on June 25, 1876, near the Little Bighorn River in Montana Territory, pitted federal troops led by Lieutenant Colonel George Custer against a band of Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne warriors. Tensions between the two groups had been rising since the discovery of gold on Native American land. www.history.com -
Publication of A Centuray of Dishonor by Helen Hunt Jackson
A New Englander by birth, poet and writer Helen Hunt Jackson was an outspoken and eloquent champion of Native American rights. She was moved to research and publicize the plight of the Native American after hearing Chief Standing Bear of the Poncas tribe speak in Boston about the great sufferings of his people as they were forcibly removed from their native land to a reservation in Oklahoma. www.encyclopedia.com -
Sitting Bull surrenders to U.S. Army and goes to Standing Rock Reservation
Five years after General George A. Custer’s infamous defeat at the Battle of Little Bighorn, Hunkpapa Teton Sioux leader Sitting Bull surrenders to the U.S. Army, which promises amnesty for him and his followers. Sitting Bull had been a major leader in the 1876 Sioux uprising that resulted in the death of Custer and 264 of his men at Little Bighorn. www.history.com -
Sitting Bull preforms in Wild West Show with Buffalo Bill Cody
When Sitting Bull agreed to join Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show in 1885, he probably didn't realize he was about to make a major contribution to the stereotyping of the American Indian and the romanticizing of the American West in the popular imagination. Sitting Bull himself was a major attraction, as thousands of spectators turned out to catch a real-life glimpse of the infamous "Killer of Custer." www.historyonthenet.com -
Dawes Severalty/General Alotment Act
Dawes General Allotment Act, also called Dawes Severalty Act, U.S. law providing for the distribution of Indian reservation land among individual tribesmen, with the aim of creating responsible farmers in the white man’s image. It was sponsored in several sessions of Congress by Sen. www.britannica.com -
Beggining of the Ghost Dance Movement
The Ghost Dance movement was a manifestation of Native Americans' fear, anger, and hope regarding the onslaught of white invaders, U.S. Army brutalization, and the U.S. legislative oppression of indigenous nations. Ghost Dance was the term Plains Indians applied to the new ritual; Paiutes, from which it sprang, simply called it by their traditional name, Round Dance. www.u-s-history.com -
Sitting Bull's Death at Standing Rock Reservation
One of the most famous Native Americans of the 19th century, Sitting Bull was a fierce enemy of Anglo-Americans from a young age. Deeply devoted to the traditional ways, Sitting Bull believed that contact with non-Indians undermined the strength and identity of the Sioux and would lead to their ultimate decline. www.history.com -
Massacre at Wounded Knee
Wounded Knee, located on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in southwestern South Dakota, was the site of two conflicts between North American Indians and representatives of the U.S. government. An 1890 massacre left some 15 0Native Americans dead, in what was the final clash between federal troops and the Sioux. www.history.com
