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The early Black West- Mexico Declared its independence from Spain
Mexico declared its independence from Spain in 1821. Slavery was abolished and full citizenships rights for guarantee to everyone regardless of there colors. -
The Early Black West- Native Americans on the Plains
Between 1830 and 1850 seventy thousand Native American relocated to Oklahoma. Ten thousand Americans walked on the Trail of Tears, and 175 died on the way to an unfamiliar life on the American Plains. -
The Early Black West- Slaveholding Empire
in 1836 the new Republic of Texas declared its independence and adopted slavery. Transforming Texas into a vast slaveholding empire. -
The Far West- Black Urban Communities
between the 1850 and 1860, four thousand African American reached the Golden State. These people created the first English speaking black urban communities. -
Migration to Oklahoma- Edwin P. McCabe
Establish numerous black communities within Oklahoma. He was the highest-ranking African American he also encourage the mass migration of blacks to Oklahoma. -
The Far West- Settlers in Colorado
California was not the only one that boasted the largest gold rush. Some African-American migrants ventured into Colorado after the Pikes Peak gold rush. -
To the Cities- Barney Ford
Born a slave in Virginia he escaped at the age of twenty five and began his successful career. During the Civil War he gave financial assistance to the escaped free African American. -
To Kansas- Homestead Act
in 1862 the Homestead Act was applied to Kansas and other western states and territories. The settlers were allowed to pay a small filing fee and would receive 160 acres of land in return. Although, they had to agree that they would improve the land over a five year period. -
To the Cities- Madam C. J. Walker
A native Louisiana who is best known as the representative of Denver's. In 1906 she launched a career in making and marketing African American women beauty products. With the help of her husbands advertisement her business became successful she was able to open up her own beauty school. In 1914 her company became one of the most successful African American cosmetic manufacturer in the United States. -
The Far West- Walking West
The abolition of slavery lead to potential mass migration of African- American to the west. some migrated there by wagon trains, some were more like to take the train or steamboat, and majority walk. -
Kansas- African American Journey
Between 1874 and 1890 at least ten thousand African Americans journey to the sunflower state. -
Kansas- Nicodemus
In 1877 a white developed with six other prospective black homesteaders from the south founded the town of Nicodemus. They envisioned that it would be a self-sustaining, self governing black agricultural community. -
Migration to Oklahoma- Indian lands
white prospective settlers persuade the federal government to further reduce the indian lands -
The Far West- Indian Territory
African American mainly from Arkansas and Tennessee migrated to the Indian Territory and became farmers on lands that were not own by them. -
To the Cities
in 1890 the middle class African Americans began to concentrate in the five point district creating a stable, if increasing segregated community. -
Migration to Oklahoma- Cavalry men, 1894
Native Americans did not willingly surrender reservations lands. When the federal government reclaimed land for settlement and establishment of National Parks. The Calvary was called in to protect new national borders. African America Calvary fought native trying to hunt on former reservation property -
The Golden State
In 1903 the Souther Pacific Railroad brought two thousands black laborers where brought to break a strike of Mexican American construction worker. -
The Golden state- African American Population
In 1910 Los Angeles had the largest black urban population of 7,599 people. -
The Golden State- African American Club, Los Angeles
Between 1910 and 1920 the African American starting owning there own small business elite class of entrepreneurs were a source of pride to the community. They also had Jazz clubs for entertainment and created lively social scene that attracted back musicians and writers in the city. -
Migration to Oklahoma
In the early 1920's state's black farm families left Oklahoma and Kansas and moved on to cities. -
World War II and After in the Black West- Army Troop
in 1947 as troops returned from overseas job competition became intense white women had to leave the workforce. The African American laborers were closed out of job or passed over for promotion in favor of white veterans. This lead to poverty and frustration which gave a growing demand for equal treatment. -
World War II and After in the Black West- Black Panthers
The Black Panther protected the black communities and neighborhood from police brutality. The black Panther Party had two thousand members many prominent members were arrested in gun battles with police in New York and Chicago.
