-
1890
Samuel Ells-worth Bennett, DNM appointed head of department -
1889
University of Kentucky Board of Trustees authorized the placement of a Chair of Veterinary Science -
Period: to
Veterinary history
-
1896
The department disbanded. What began as a training program for veterinarians in 1889 ended reluctantly in 1895 , when only one student received a doctor of veterinary medicine degree. -
Early 1900's
Departmental researches were the first to describe and determine the cause of the wobbler syndrome in horses -
1915
Re-establishment of Department of Livestock Diseases when it separated from the Department of Animal Husbandry under Dr. R.L. Pontius/Dr.Graham -
1916
Vaccine for Salmonella abortion in mares provided by work for Dr.E.S. Good. -
1919
Willam Wallace Dimock appointed head of department of Veterinary Science -
1923
Dr.Hull's work established that acidosis in pregnant ewes is a disease for improper nourishment
Drs. Edwards and hull demonstrated that S. pullorum could be eradicated from chicken flocks with the use of the agglutination test -
1926
Kentucky State legislature approved the terms of the Purnell account which provided funds for research into sterility problems in mares, in addition to other agriculturally related issues. -
1929
Department name changed to Animal Pathology -
1930
The work by Dr. Dimock and Dr.Phil Edwards in the field of mare fertility resulted in an increase in pregnancy rates from 40-65% to 75-85% over a 5 year period. The emphasis of their work was related to breeding hygiene. -
1932
First U.S report of Rhodococcus equi in foals , Drs. Dimock and Edwards -
1936
Drs. Dimock and Edwards identified the cause of mysterious abortions in mares as a cited label virus. Drs. Dimock and Edwards devised laboratory procedures to differentiate equine hemolytic streptococcal isolates from those human origin. -
1939
The Department was designated the National Salmonella Center after becoming internationally renowned for work with Salmonella -
1942
The Department worked in coordination with the US army to produce diagnostic sera in response to salmonella infections in military personnel on the war fronts. -
1945
Department of Animal Pathology moved into new building, known now as the Dimock Building of Animal Pathology -
1946
Floyd Hull appointed head of Department of Veterinary Science -
1947-48
Pathogenesis of neonatal isoerythrolysis of foals elucidated ; Drs. Dimock, Edwards , Hull , Doll and Bruner
Streptococcus genitalium / zooepidemicus identified as most frequent bacterial cause of equine abortion and foal death ; Drs. Dimock , Edwards , & Burner.
First comprehensive list of distribution and occurrence of salmonella aero types in the United States; Drs.Edwards , Bruner & Moran -
1948
Work in veterinary parasitology at University of Kentucky was nationally recognized partially in response to the phenothiazine treatment validated at University of Kentucky
Departmental researches were the first at UK to routinely use embryonating chicken eggs in virus research
1948-1953 - Drs. Doll , McCollum & Wallace made significant contributions to the understanding and control of Newcastle disease , especially as related to efficacies of vaccines -
1950's
Dr. Doll and others devised much needed laboratory procedures for the study of equine abortion virus ( Equine herpesvirus -1 ) infections, including vaccine development and evaluation
Equine viral arteritis (EVA) was described for the first time as a specific disease by Drs. Doll, Bryan's and McCollum. -
1954
Dr.Drudge was the first to discover and publish the resistance of Haemonchus contortus to phenothiazine in sheep. This is believed to be the first report in the world of a nematode species resistant to a chemical compound. -
1957
Equine arteritis virus ( EAV) isolated by Dr. Doll. -
1959
Departmental researchers were the first at UK to routinely use animal cell cultures in virus research .
EAV was propagated for the first time in vitro ( primary equine kidney cell cultures ) This host system was used to develop reliable laboratory procedures for the comprehensive study of EVA ; McCollum , Doll and Wilson. -
1960's
Development of the first multivalent vaccine against equine influenza , a viral respiratory disease which affected a large percentage of the horse population each year , and can result in a significant loss of income to horse owners.
An effective live avirulent EAV vaccine was developed and evaluated by Drs. McCollum , Doll and Wilson
Serological studies confirmed that EAV infections occurred worldwide ; Drs. McCollum and Bryan's.
Virulence/pathogensis of strains of EAV studied Dr. McCollum -
1963
Harold Drudge appointed head of Department of Veterinary Science
Thiabenduazole an anthelmintic , was released after the Department of Veterinary Science cooperated in the testing of its efficacy with Merck & Co. Inc -
1966
Research began on mare's response to extended ( artificial ) light in controlling her reproductive cycle. This discovery changed forever the struggle to get mares in foal earlier in the year. -
1969
Vaccine for Streptococcus equi consisting of heat inactivated bacteria was first commercially used. The vaccine was validated at Department of Veterinary Science by work in the lab of Drs. Bryan's & Moore in cooperation with Fort Dodge Animal Health
Drs. Moore & Bryan's - classification of group C streptocci -
1970's
Development of a blood test to detect evidence of contagious equine metritis (CEM) in mares; a disease introduced to the United States in 1977 that posed a threat to the economic well-being of the entire Thoroughbred industry because of international sanctions on movement of horses. -
1973
John T. Bryans appointed head of Department of Veterinary Science. -
1978
the State Department of Agriculture transferred the Livestock Disease Diagnostic Center (LDDC) to the University of Kentucky, and it became part of the Veterinary Science Department. -
mid 1980's
Scientists in the Department of Veterinary Science facilitated the development of a vaccine for the extremely contagious disease rotavirus. -
1983
Ivermectin, a parasiticide was released by Merck, after validation studies which included work in the Department of Veterinary Science. Mr. and Mrs. Maxwell H. Gluck, owners of Elmendorf Farm, conveyed to the University an interest in providing a memorial to Maxwell Gluck. It was suggested to the Glucks that they might find an equine research institute suitable. -
1984
An epidemic of equine viral arteritis caused problems in the Thoroughbred breeding industry. A modified viral vaccine that was developed in the 1960’s was immediately utilized to stop the epidemic. 1984 - The EVA epidemic allowed researchers for the first time to confirm, pinpoint and define the "carrier" state in stallions. This knowledge has been used effectively to devise strategies for controlling the spread of EVA; Drs. P. Timoney and McCollum. -
1986
Construction began and the Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center was completed in 1987. -
1987
James R. Rooney appointed head of Department of Veterinary Science. -
1988
Release of the first ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) developed in Department of Veterinary Science for drug detection in equine athletes. -
1989
Peter J. Timoney appointed head of Department of Veterinary Science. -
1993
The Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center was designated by the Office International des Epizooties (the animal equivalent of the World Health Organization) as a World Reference Center for 3 significant equine viral diseases:
-- Equine rhinopneumonitis (equine herpesvirus 1 & 4)
-- Equine influenza
-- Equine viral arteritis 1993 - Purification and partial sequence of equine complement factor C3. 1993 - ELISA for SeM (S. equi) specific antibodies in horse sera developed. -
1994
First diagnostic test for equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) a neurological disease affecting horses nationwide caused by a protozoan parasite. This test uses spinal fluid or serum to detect the parasite. -
1995
Protective SzP protein (Moore & Bryans typing antigen) of Streptococcus zooepidemicus sequenced. -
1997
M protein (SeM) of Streptococcus equi sequenced. 1997 - PCR for detection of Streptococcus equi in clinical samples developed. -
1999
Flu-Avert™ developed in conjunction with Heska provided an intranasal vaccine for equine subtype 2 influenza virus. The modified-live virus vaccine was licensed in 1999 by the USDA. Work on maternal antibody interference by researchers in the department led to new recommendations for foal vaccination schedules by the American Association of Equine Practitioners. 1999 - Lenn R. Harrison appointed acting chair of Department of Veterinary Science. -
2000
Equine pneumonias caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus shown to be clonal infections. -
2001
M cells described on equine nasopharyngeal tonsil. 2001 - Successful intranasal immunization of horses with attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. 2001 - Temperature regulation of immunoreactive proteins of Leptospira interrogans induced during infection -
2001
Further research into EPM spawned the development of the first FDA-approved medication available for treating EPM – Marquis™ released by Bayer Pharmaceuticals in August 2001.
A group of Gluck scientists pulled together with other University of Kentucky investigators from various departments to number more than 100 researchers to help determine the cause of the early fetal losses and late-term abortions and other problems that occurred as a result of Mare Reproductive Loss Syndrome (MRLS). -
2002
Peter J. Timoney appointed head of Department of Veterinary Science. 2002 - Discovery and molecular characterization of pyrogenic exotoxins of Streptococcus equi. -
2005
Clostridium perfringens vaccine for prepartum immunization of mares developed and field tested. 2005 - Discovery of leptospira proteins Lru A and B uniquely expressed in eyes of horses with recurrent uveitis. 2005 - Genome of bacteriophage P9 of Streptococcus equi sequenced. 2005 - Ernie Bailey initiates and is the first author of the "white paper" proposal that leads to full genome sequencing of the horse by the National Human Genome Research Institute.