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Dakota War 0f 1862
When the Dakota Native Americans were desperate from hunger and poverty by having heir land reduced from the US Government. Five Dakota men attacked white settlers in Minnesota. The war ended six weeks later on December 26, 1862 with 38 Dakota men executed. It was the largest mass execution in American history. -
Sand Creek massacre
More than half of Southern Cheyenne and Arapahoe Native Americans were slaughtered, including women and children, by Colonel John Chivington and his troops. The causes rooted in a long conflict for control of the Great Plains of eastern Colorado and the situation tensioned more when gold was discovered in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. -
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Government policy toward Native Americans
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Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty
The Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty had the Native Americans move to designated reservations and allow the railroad to be built westward. In return, the Native Americans receievd a lot of supplies, which contradicted the idea of a peace treaty, as they received weapons through the supplies. This treaty was important because while it was supposed to represent peace, it causesd more tension between Native Americans and the US government because the US continued to relocate Native Americans. -
Indian Appropriations Act
The Indian Appropriation Act disbanded the recognition of Native American tribes as their own nations. They did no longer have to make treaties with tribes to obtain land. This is important because the US goverment decided that the tribes could no longer be considered nations, not the people of the tribe, therefore increasing tension. -
Battle of Little Bighorn
This battle is part of the Great Sioux War taken place in Montana when gold was diescovered and the US Government forced Native Americans off their land to reservations. General George Custer lead te 7th Cavalry Regiment of the US Army while Chief Sitting Bull lead Sioux, Arapahoe, adn Cheyenne Native Americans. Custer was defeated when he understimated the size of the Native Americans on June 26, 1876. -
Dawes Act/General Allotment Act
The Dawes Act split Native American land into individual allotments in an attempt to assimilate the Native Americans. If individuals had their own land, the unity between tribes would be disbanded. This is important because the US government is attempting to make the Native Americans more like them, as if the US' way of life is superior. -
Wounded Knee massacre
This event marked the last of the Native American wars in the US. Members of different Sioux tribes, led by Chief Big Foot and Chief Sitting Bull, attempted to flee west to southwestern South Dakota from military apprehension. However, the military caught up with them, murdering 300 Native men, women, and children at Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota. -
The Curtis Act
The Curtis Act expanded the Dawes Act to tribes that were previously exempt from the law. The US government wanted to disband all tribal governments. This is important because all Native Americans were being forced to assimilate into American culture. -
Lone Wolf vs Hitchcock
The Kiowa chief Lone Wolf believe that their rights established by the Medicine Lodge Peace Treaty were being violated by the Dawes Act. However, Congress ruled against them and said that the US Congress had the power to abrogate any treaty with the Native Americans. This is important because it represents the power the US had over the lives of the Native Americans. -
Five Civilized Tribe Act
Tne Five Civilzed Tribe Act disbanded five sovereign tribes (the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and Seminole) and allowed Oklahoma to become a state in 1907. The US government took over education and government in Oklahoma. This is important because it shows the US government once again breaking their treaties with the Native Americans and trying to assimilate them into US culture.
