United States foreign policy fostered all of the diplomatic and political change during this time, through the peace agreements that were sought, isolationist policies, and finally the declarations of war or alliances.
By livie.grace2
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Platt Amendment
It was passed as a part of the Army Appropriations Bill. It stipulated seven conditions for the withdrawal of United States troops remaining in Cuba at the end of the Spanish–American War, and an eighth condition that Cuba sign a treaty accepting these seven conditions. This demonstrates the thesis because it shows that foreign policy in America was built upon grounds of conquest and distinguishing the USA above other countries. -
Hay-Buneau Varilla Treaty
This gave the United States full control and sovereignty over the Canal Zone (an area ten miles wide across the isthmus) in return for the same financial arrangements made with Columbia. Construction on the Panama Canal began in 1904, and the first ship passed through the locks in 1914. This just continues with the US policy of control and colonization of other countries for our benefit. -
Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
This policy maintained that “chronic wrongdoing” by any nation in the Western Hemisphere might force the United States to exercise its “international police power”; that is, it would intervene. Under this principle, the finances of the Dominican Republic came under American control through a treaty, and after a revolution threatened these arrangements in 1916, U.S. troops occupied the country for the next eight years. Yet again, a demonstration of American control. -
The Fourteen Points
A declaration by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson during World War I outlining his proposals for a postwar peace settlement. On Jan. 8, 1918, President Wilson, in his address to the joint session of the United States Congress, formulated under 14 separate headings his ideas of the essential nature of a post-World War I settlement. This began the policy shifting towards moral diplomacy for a bit. -
Paris Peace Conference
The conference outlined the Treaty of Versailles, Security Treaty, and the creation of the League of Nations. The treaty was written up by the Big Four, which included the United States for the first time. The war success catapulted the US to the world stage, and diplomatic relations and domestic politics changed because of it. Diplomatically, the US now had more power in world economics, and politics changed through groups of people supporting or rejecting the US's foreign relations. -
Washington Naval Conference
At this conference, many decisions on wartime policy, including the Five-Power Treaty, Four-Power Treaty, and Nine-Power Treaty, were made. It basically outlawed war. It allowed for Chinese Open Door Policy, minimizing of major powers' navies, and allowed for Japan to sustain the Pacific region. This impacted politics because it was preparing the nation for wartime and an atmosphere of importance of the United States, as it was now a major power. -
The Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan was set up to try to restructure the paying of debts across the Germans for their reparations and the Allies for buying supplies for the US. It failed because the Germans did not have enough money to continue to pay the Allied Powers. The US sank deeper into isolationism, so were cut off from Europe. This created a political change because the Americans felt as though during this process they weren't being fully reparated for all of the war, which increased tensions even more. -
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
This raised U.S. tariffs on imports quite a bit, by 60% or more, 1000 economists protest it will worsen depression, and expected retaliation by Canada and others. This tariff had a goal to increase prices and limit the volume of imports so that trade to America would be discouraged. -
Stimson Doctrine
The doctrine is a result of U.S efforts to resolve the Manchurian crisis. Stimson had stated that the United States would not recognize any changes made in China that would curtail American treaty rights in the area and that the "open door" must be maintained. The Japanese, however, were not dissuaded by non-recognition and continued their aggression, confident that the U.S. would not take stronger action because of the strength of isolationist feeling there. -
London Economic Conference
Many world leaders came together to discuss the world depression, except the US. The US did not support the conference and because of this, it fell apart. This shows how important the US now is to the world economy and the success in the idea of isolationism because the world is now dependent on the US. This shows a change in diplomatic relations because now the US controls the meetings and talks. It changes politics because the main focal point of isolationism in politics becomes a success. -
Tydings - McDuffie Act
This act allowed for Philippines independence (after 10 years), for the sole purpose that if Japan attacked, the US would not be held responsible to support the Philippines. When Japan attacked Manchuria, they began to increase aggression in the region. The US does not want to get involved in another war so they break ties with the Philippines. This affects diplomacy because it is the catalyst for the US to begin cutting ties with other controlled lands including those in the Carribean. -
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
The act not only gave President Franklin D. Roosevelt the authority to adjust tariff rates, but also the power to negotiate bilateral trade agreements without receiving prior congressional approval. Advocates believed that granting these powers to the Roosevelt White House would help the administration quickly conclude agricultural trade agreements to speed recovery of the Depression-ravaged economy. Regardless, its passing showed the increasing role of the president in foreign affairs. -
The Neutrality Acts
Congress passed the first Neutrality Act prohibiting the export of “arms, ammunition, and implements of war” from the United States to foreign nations at war and requiring arms manufacturers in the United States to apply for an export license. American citizens traveling in war zones were also advised that they did so at their own risk. It is a demonstration of the USA making their powers more desirable by holding their strength back and making other countries reach to them in desperation. -
Atlantic Charter
This agreed to no territorial gains sought by U.S. or Britain, territorial adjustments must conform to people involved, people have right to choose their own govt. trade barriers lowered, there must be disarmament, there must be freedom from want and fear, there must be freedom of the seas, there must be an association of nations. This kind of agreement was mutually beneficial to both. -
Pearl Harbor and the Declaration of War on Japan
After the attack by the Japanese at Pearl Harbor, the US responds with a declaration of war. Then Japan and Germany declare war on the US, so the US just goes ahead and declares war on Germany. This changes diplomacy because the US joins the allies. This changes politics because now there are protests arguing against the war, while others join in on the war efforts. The country is now in wartime.
